1. P REPOSITIONS, C ONJUNCTIONS, AND I NTERJECTIONS

2. C ONJUNCTIONS A conjunction is a word used to join words or groups of words. Coordinating Conjunctions andbutfor nororsoyet 1. I like both cats and dogs. 2. Cats are cute, but dogs are friendlier. 3. Are you a cat person or a dog person?

3. C ONJUNCTIONS Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that join words or word groups that are used in the same way. Correlative Conjunctions Both…andEither…or Neither…norWhether…or Not only…but also Both Sawyer and Finn like to go to the river. Neither I nor my brother can play an instrument.

4. I NTERJECTIONS An interjection is a word used to express emotion and has no grammatical relation to other words in the sentence. Sometimes an interjection is set off by commas, or it is followed by an exclamation point. 1. Wow ! This room is really messy. 2. Well, could you be quiet please? 3. Oh ! You surprised me! 4. Aha, you’ve discovered the secret!

5. P REPOSITIONS A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word. This other word is called the object of the preposition. The preposition is one word. The prepositional phrase is the preposition + its object.

6. F OR E XAMPLE, See a full list of commonly used prepositions on page 112-113. ONE trick you can use to identify SOME pronouns is “the mountain.” I walked ____________ the mountain. Words that can fit here: =PREPOSITIONS aroundacrossunderoverin on top ofthroughupunderneathto fromintobesidebelow pastbeneath toward

7. F OR E XAMPLE, However, there are WAY more prepositions than just the ones that fit in with our sentence about “the mountain.” Other prepositions: aboutaccording toagainstalong amidatbeforebetween exceptbyduringforsincein ofuntiluponwith withoutwithin

8. B ASICALLY … A preposition shows relationship between two things – a noun/pronoun and another word in the sentence (usually another noun/pronoun). The noun/pronoun that comes after the preposition is the object of the preposition. A prepositional phrase = preposition + object When labeling sentences, put prepositional phrases in ( ) parentheses

9. N OTICE HOW PREPOSITIONS CHANGE THE MEANING OF THE RELATIONSHIPS HERE : The package under the tree is mine. The package near the tree is mine. The package next to the tree is mine. The package in front of the tree is mine.

10. L ET ’ S T RY I T ! 1. I wrote a story for the newspaper. 2. In my story, I mentioned a study about organic foods. 3. I got my information from a scientist. He is against the use of pesticides in our food systems. 4. Many people eat foods with pesticides despite warnings from health organizations in America.

11. R EVIEW S HEET