1. Brave New World Aldous Huxley

2. Main Characters John the Savage – exiled son of Linda and the Director; born and raised on savage reservation; outsider in modern society; attracted to Lenina; uses Shakespeare to cope Bernard Marx – Alpha-plus male with inferiority complex due to short stature; detests modern society because he cannot fit in; likes Lenina Helmholtz Watson – prime example of Alpha male; lecturer and writer who feels his work is empty and meaningless; friend of Bernard Linda – John’s disgraced mother who longs for modern society

3. Main Characters Lenina Crowne – vaccination worker at hatchery; has unorthodox practice of dating one man exclusively for periods of time; interested in Bernard, but obsessed with John; communicates through sex Mustapha Mond – most powerful character in novel; one of world controllers; censors scientific discoveries and punishes rebels; collects forbidden literature The Director – John’s unwilling father (childbirth = scandalous)

4. Main Conflict Rebels vs. World State John cannot function in modern society, so he actively rebels against it. Helmholtz and Bernard help him, to varying degrees, but Mustapha Mond ultimately stamps out their trivial efforts. After his comrades are exiled, John alone must face the manufactured Londoners, who clamor to satisfy themselves at his expense.

5. Plot Summary I.Intro AD 2540: “Perfect,” peaceful World State; people are mass-produced by machines, then specialized to fit into caste society  Individualism is spurned; sexual promiscuity is promoted  State distributes “soma” as an actual opiate for the masses Bernard Marx and Lenina Crowne work at the Hatchery and Conditioning Centre  Bernard craves attention and respect; hates uncaring society; criticizes use of soma; pursues Lenina  Lenina is content with herself and society; humors Bernard’s advances Helmholtz Watson is Bernard’s only friend  Helmholtz is also lonely, due to his daunting attractiveness and intelligence; wants only to write poetry

6. Plot Summary II.The Savage Bernard takes Lenina to savage reservation on holiday They meet the exiled Linda and her son, John  Neither fit in with savage culture  John is lonely; makes sense of his world through memorized lines of Shakespeare Bernard takes Linda and John back to London  attempt to blackmail Bernard’s boss, the Director, who is John’s father  John is anxious to see the “brave new world”

7. Plot Summary III.The Savage in the World State Bernard uses John the Savage to gain immense popularity Linda succumbs to soma John begins to despise modern society and avoid all contact with its members; befriends Helmholtz Bernard immediately falls in status; scorns the other two Lenina tries to seduce John, who violently rejects her Linda overdoses and dies John rampages at the doctors’ lack of sympathy; causes a riot by throwing soma out onto the streets; Helmholtz and Bernard help him escape Mustapha Mond exiles Helmholtz and Bernard John removes himself from society and practices self-punishment Londoners flock to see his bizarre behavior John hangs himself to permanently escape society

8. Themes Government control Industrialization Consumer society Happiness vs. Truth Individual vs. Society Intolerance Ethical vs. Efficient