1. The GLVWG tomato heirloom project Contact information for SolCAP tomato project: francis.77@osu.edu SolCAP Solanaceae Coordinated Agricultural Project

2. Germplasm panels form the core of SolCAP e.g. Tomato M82 x LA716 Hunt 100 x LA407 NC 23E X LA1269 Sun1642 x LA1589 OH 88119 x PI128216 OH 8245 x PI365914 (Fla7600 xPI114490) x OH9242 OH 88119 x Ha 7998 OH 9242 x OH 8245 OH 9241 x OH 8245 144 Fresh Market 144 Processing 48 Heirloom 48 Land Races 48 cerasiformae 48 wild species

3. Why Heirlooms? Variety of shapes, sizes, colors Perception of flavor quality Renewed interest in niche markets Provide information regarding how breeding has altered genetic variation

4. What is an Heirloom? Carolyn Male’s classification: 1)Commercial Heirloom (OP varieties >40 years old) 2)Family Heirloom 3)Created Heirloom 4)Mystery Heirloom

5. Examples: Commercial Heirloom Gold Ball (Livingston’s) Family Heirloom Brandywine (Sudduth/Quisenberry) Created Heirloom Green Zebra Mystery Heirloom Ananas Noire

6. Comments on Heirloom sources Some Heirloom’s have well documented history, supported by primary sources Poorly documented pedigrees, seed contamination, lack of fidelity in propagating variety names, invented histories for marketing purposes, genetic drift, … All of the above lead to confusion e.g. Diverse forms of “Brandywine” include: Sudduth/Quisenberry; pink; red; yellow; “on the vine” (OTV). e.g. Cherokee Purple. The allele of “gf” carried by Cherokee Purple is not consistent with a >100 year-old Heirloom

7. Field Evaluation Fruit size and shape Fruit color UPOV descriptors Sugar, acids, etc… 3600 3200 2800 2400 2000 1600 1200 800 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Wavenumber, cm-1 Absorbance, A Lycopene Red Tomato Yellow Tomato Green Tomato trans- lycopene

8. Genetic analysis ProcFM Heirloom Wild

9. Numbers based on genotyping platforms and limitations of phenotyping (n = 480 for total collection)

10. 1234 1) Fresh Market (FM) ; 2) Landrace; 3) Heirloom; 4) Processing K=4 1,6,7) Processing; 2) Landrace: 3,5) FM; 4) FM & Processing; 8) Heirloom K=8 1 2345678

11. Allele frequencies and distribution of variation: Modern varieties contain alleles not found in old varieties Some alleles “lost” during breeding Shifts in allele frequencies

12. Data integration

13. How can GLVWG and SolCAP interact?  GLVWG can provide further trial locations  SolCAP can help with resources and quality evaluation  SolCAP can provide standard seed source  GLVWG can reach a wider community of interest than SolCAP Considerations for GLVWG project independent of SolCAP  Population size (context of EuSol and SolCAP projects)  Describe the deliverable relative to some excellent popular books on Heirloom varieties

14. Thanks for your time…. Questions/Discussion?