1. Harry Potter and the Ring Composition Chiasmus, Story Circles, and The Hogwarts Saga Doxacon Prime, 14 November 2015

2. Three Questions to Answer: What is a Ring Composition? Are the Harry Potter Novels Written as Rings? So What?

4. Thinking in Circles: An Essay on Ring Composition Mary Douglas, Yale,2007

5. Four Characteristics of Ring Composition: Beginning and End Meet as Story Frame Story has Center or Turning Point that Echoes and Suggests Opening and Finale “Parallel Analogies” -- Second ‘half’ of book mirrors front ‘half’ as a kind of “reverse echo” There are Rings within Rings, Story Mirrors inside the Larger Story Mirror Introverted Parallelisms in a Ring with an Axis

6. Chapter 4: D Exposition Chapter 5: Middle/Turning Point Chapter 6: D’ Echoing Chapter 2: B Exposition Chapters 1/9: A/A’ Beginning/End-’Latch’ Beginning- Middle- and-End: Echoing with Emphasis at Finale or at Center Sample Ring Composition Construction Chapter 3: C Exposition Chapter 7: C’ Echoing Chapter 8: B’ Echoing B/B’ Scene, Dialogue, Characters C/C’ Scene, Dialogue, Characters D/D’ Scene Dialogue, Characters

7. Biblical Chiasmus Chiastic Verses -- Prologue to John opening Ring Stories or Passages – Abraham and Isaac Book Rings – St Paul’s Letter to the Galatians Ring of Books – Hextateuch (Milgram) Biblical Canon – ‘Bible Wheel’ “The artificial part of poetry, perhaps we shall be right to say all artifice, reduces itself to the principle of parallelism.” Gerard Manley Hopkins

8. Picturing Chiasmus: Galatians Center A B C D [D’] C’ B’ A’ The heir remains a child and servant (4:1) Until the time appointed of the father (4:2) When that time came, God sent forth his Son (4:4) Made under the law (4:4) To redeem those under the law (4:5) Because ye are sons, God sent forth the Spirit of his Son (4: 6) That ye cry, Abba, Father (4:6) That ye are no more a servant but a son and heir (4:7)

9. Picturing Chiasmus: Galatians As a Whole A B C D E D’ C’ B’ A’ Prologue (1:1 – 1:12) Autobiographical section (1:13 – 2:19) Justification by faith (2:11 – 3:4) Arguments from Scripture (3:5 – 3:29) Arguments from Scripture (4:11 – 4:31) Justification by faith (5:1 – 5:10) Moral Section (5:11 – 6:11) Epilogue (6:12-18) Central Chiasm (4:1-10)

10. How Pervasive Is This? The Shape of Biblical Language Fr John Breck Synoptic Narratives Synoptic Discourses The Gospel of St. John Letters of St. Paul ‘O Gladsome Light’ The Ladder of Divine Ascent

11. Hymn of the Resurrection (A) Having beheld the Resurrection of Christ, let us worship the holy Lord Jesus, the only Sinless One. (B) We worship Thy Cross, O Christ, and Thy holy Resurrection we hymn and glorify: (C) for Thou art our God, we know none other beside Thee, we call upon Thy name. (B) O come all ye faithful, let us worship Christ’s holy Resurrection, for behold through the Cross joy hath come to all the world. (A) Ever blessing the Lord, we hymn His Resurrection; for having endured crucifixion, He hath destroyed death by death.

13. C. S. Lewis Familiarity with Chiasmus/Ring Composition The Bible Virgil’s Aeneid Boethius’ Consolation of Philosophy Milton’s Paradise Lost Charles Williams’ The Place of the Lion J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit

14. Chapter 6: Into the Forest Chapter 9: In the Witch’s House Chapter 12: Peter’s First Battle Chapters 3-4: Edmund and the White Witch Chapters 14-15: The Ransom and Resurrection Chapter 2: What Lucy Found There Chapters 1/17: Lucy Looks Into a Wardrobe/ The Hunting of the White Stag Beginning- Middle- and-End: Redemption of Edmund Chapter 5: Back On This Side of the Door Chapters 7-8: At the Beavers’ Dam Chapters 10-11: The Coming of Spring and Christmas Chapter 13: Deep Magic From the Dawn of Time Chapter 16: What Happened About the Statues Mr. Tumnus Edmund’s Fall and the Ransom The Law of Logic and Emperor Peter: Prig and Prince Report and Return of Aslan

16. Chapter 4: D Exposition Chapter 5: Middle/Turning Point Chapter 6: D’ Echoing Chapter 2: B Exposition Chapters 1/9: A/A’ Beginning/End-’Latch’ Beginning- Middle- and-End: Echoing with Emphasis at Finale or at Center Sample Ring Composition Construction Chapter 3: C Exposition Chapter 7: C’ Echoing Chapter 8: B’ Echoing B/B’ Scene, Dialogue, Characters C/C’ Scene, Dialogue, Characters D/D’ Scene Dialogue, Characters

18. Beginning and End

19. Middle Joining Beginning-End

20. Chamber – Half-Blood Prince Story Parallels and Analogies

21. Prisoner – Order of the Phoenix Story Parallels and Analogies

22. Ring of Seven Book Series (Tom Riddle) (Sirius Black) ___________ Beginning- Middle- and-End: Harry Potter’s Battles with the Dark Lord

23. HP2 Chamber of Secrets HP1 Philosopher’s Stone HP5 Order of the Phoenix HP3 Prisoner of Azkaban HP6 Half-Blood Prince HP7 Deathly Hallows Ring of Seven Book Series _____________ Beginning- Middle- and-End: Harry Potter’s Battles with the Dark Lord HP4 Goblet of Fire ========= ==========

24. Chapter 7: The Sorting Hat Chapter 9: The Midnight Duel Chapter 11: Quidditch Chapter 3: Letters from No One Chapters 1-2/17: The Boy Who Lived-Vanishing Glass / The Man With Two Faces Beginning- Middle- and-End: Miraculous Survival Ring of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone __________ Chapter 6: Journey from Platform 9 3/4 Chapter 12: Mirror of Erised Chapter 16: Through the Trap Door Adventure! Ron and Harry: Identity, Family Issues Self Revealed

25. Chapter 7: The Sorting Hat Chapter 9: The Midnight Duel Chapter 11: Quidditch Chapters 4-5: Keeper of the Keys Chapters 13-15: The Forbidden Forest Chapter 3: Letters from No One Chapters 1-2/17: The Boy Who Lived-Vanishing Glass / The Man With Two Faces Beginning- Middle- and-End: Miraculous Survival Chapter 6: Journey from Platform 9 3/4 Chapter 8: The Potions Master Chapter 10: Halloween Chapter 12: Mirror of Erised Chapter 16: Through the Trap Door Adventure! Rubeus Hagrid Ron and Harry: Identity, Family Issues Self Revealed Worst Enemy/Best Friends

26. Chapter 7: The Sorting Hat Chapter 9: The Midnight Duel Chapter 11: Quidditch Chapter 3: Letters from No One Chapters 1-2/17: The Boy Who Lived-Vanishing Glass / The Man With Two Faces Beginning- Middle- and-End: Miraculous Survival Ring of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone __________ Chapter 6: Journey from Platform 9 3/4 Chapter 12: Mirror of Erised Chapter 16: Through the Trap Door Adventure! Ron and Harry: Identity, Family Issues Self Revealed

27. Chapter 9: The Writing on the Wall Chapter 10: The Rogue Bludger Chapter 11: The Dueling Club Chapter 4: At Flourish and Blotts Chapters 1-2/18: The Worst Birthday – Dobby’s Warning / Dobby’s Reward Beginning- Middle- and-End: Dobby the House-Elf Ring of Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets __________ Chapter 5: The Whomping Whillow Chapter 15: Aragog Chapter 16: The Chamber of Secrets Journey into Darkness Ron and Harry: Anglia Adventures Heir of Slytherin

28. Chapter 10: The Marauder’s Map Chapter 12: The Patronus Chapter 14: Snape’s Grudge Chapter 3: The Knight Bus Chapters 1-2/22: Owl Post – Aunt Marge’s Big Mistake / Owl Post Again Beginning- Middle- and-End: ‘Owl Post’ Presence of the Beloved Dead Ring of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban __________ Chapter 5: The Dementor Chapter 18: Moony, Wormtail, Padfoot, and Prongs Chapter 21: Hermione’s Secret Escape to and from Fudge Remus Lupin’s Silence Marauder’s Map

29. Chapter 13: Mad-Eye Moody Chapter 19: The Hungarian Horntail Chapter 25: The Egg and the Eye Chapter 6: The Portkey Chapters 1/37: The Riddle’s House/ The Beginning Beginning- Middle- and-End: ‘Struggling to Believe’ Ring of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire __________ Chapter 8: The Quidditch World Cup Chapter 30: The Pensieve Chapter 32: Flesh, Blood, and Bone Portkey Diggorys The Gang’s All Here Moody Saves Harry

30. Chapters 10/11: The Woes of Mrs. Weasley / Luna Lovegood Chapter 19: The Lion and the Serpent Chapters 30/29: Grawp / Career Advice Chapter 2: A Peck of Owls Chapters 1/38: Dudley Demented / The Second War Begins Beginning- Middle- and-End: Ragin’ Harry Ring of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix __________ Chapter 4: Number 12, Grimmauld Place Chapter 35: Beyond the Veil Chapter 37: The Lost Prophecy The Bond of Blood Sirius’ Closed Curtains Weasleys and other Exotic Animals

31. Chapter 15: The Unbreakable Vow Chapters 16/17: A Very Frosty Christmas/ A Sluggish Memory Chapter 18: Birthday Surprise Chapter 3: Will and Won’t Chapters 1-2/30-29: The Other Minister – Spinner’s End / The White Tomb – The Phoenix Lament Beginning- Middle- and-End: Scrimgeour/ Dumbledore & Snape Ring of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince __________ Chapter 4: Horace Slughorn Chapter 26: The Cave Chapters 28/27: The Flight of the Prince / The Lighyning-Struck Tower Telescopes and Trainers “You Are With Me” “I Am With You” Love Potions

32. Chapter 15: The Goblin’s Revenge Chapters 18/19: Life and Lies of Albus Dumbledore / Silver Doe Chapter 22: The Deathly Hallows Chapters 3, 4: The Dursleys Departing, The Seven Potters Chapters 1-2/36-35: The Dark Lord Ascending – In Memoriam/ The Flaw in the Plan – King’s Cross Beginning- Middle- and-End: Tom, Albus, and Severus Ring of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows __________ Chapters 10-13: Kreacher and the Ministry of Magic Chapters 26-25: Griphook and Gringotts Chapter 34: The Forest Again Confrontations with the Dark Lord Refuge and Underground Adventure Snatched Conversations

33. Three Questions to Answer: What is a Ring Composition? Are the Harry Potter Novels Written as Rings? So What?

34. Theory of Everything: Rowling’s Key “Tell me one last thing,” said Harry. “Is this real? Or has this been happening inside my head?” Dumbledore beamed at him, and his voice sounded loud and strong in Harry’s ears even though the bright mist was descending again, obscuring his figure. “Of course it is happening inside your head, Harry, but why on earth should that mean it is not real?”

35. Why You Don’t Already Know This: Materialism Rationalism Individualism Philosophical Nominalism

36. Beginning Middle End Ring Composition Symbol Circular Story Circle Divided in Half for Mirrored Halves

37. Read More About Harry Potter and Ring Composition

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