1. Periodic Table Trends and Similarities

2. Trends of the Periodic Table: At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Give a trend across and down the Periodic Table for metallic characteristics, reactivity, atomic radius and ion radius, electron affinity, ionization energy, electronegativity. 2. Pick the element with the higher trend above from a list of several elements

3. Trends In The Periodic Table: Ionization Energy Atomic Radius Electron Affinity Electronegativity, Etc.

4. Periodic Trends Try to determine the trends by looking at the handouts provided.

5. Atomic Radius ½ the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms that are bonded together. 1. Energy level, n, as they go higher = larger 2. Proton – electron attraction = smaller

6. Atomic Radius Vs. Atomic Number

7. Atomic Radius Trends

8. Top to Bottom Left to Right IncreasesDecreases

9. Electron Affinity The energy change that occurs when a neutral atom acquires an electron. Most electron affinity values are negative. Energy is released from the atom. Atoms that really want another electron tend to be more negative.

10. Electron Affinity Trends Top to Bottom Left to Right Decreases (less negative) Increases (more negative) Noble Gases = 0

11. Ionization Energy The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom. The closer to the nucleus, the harder to pull the electron. The farther away, more interference from other electrons, therefore, the easier it is to pull the electron.

12. Ionization Energy Vs. Atomic Number

13. Ionization Energy Trends

14. Top to Bottom Left to Right DecreasesIncreases

15. Electronegativity A measurement of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons.

16. Generally, Ionization energy + Electron Affinity = Electronegativity Most electronegative element – Fluorine (F) It is assigned the number 4 All other values are based on this value.

17. Electronegativity Trends

18. Top to Bottom Left to Right DecreasesIncreases

19. Reactivity Of Metals more reactive

20. Reactivity Trends Top to Bottom Left to Right Increases with Metals Decreases with Nonmetals Decreases with Metals Increases with Nonmetals

21. Metallic Characteristic Trends Top to Bottom Left to Right IncreasesDecreases Conductivity Shininess Malleability Ductility

22. Ionic Radius 1. Cations lose electrons, therefore they tend to be Positive Ions - Metals 2. Anions gain electrons, therefore they tend to be Negative Ions - Nonmetals

23. Ionic Radius Trends Electron – electron repulsion = Larger

24. Ionic Radius Trends MetalsNonmetals SmallerLarger

25. Trends of the Periodic Table: Let’s see if you can: 1. Give a trend across and down the Periodic Table for metallic characteristics, reactivity, atomic radius and ion radius, electron affinity, ionization energy, electronegativity. 2. Pick the element with the higher trend above from a list of several elements