1. Compare the particle arrangement and type of particle motion associated with different states of matter.

2. Key concepts/skills: Level 1: Define solid, liquid, gas. Describe particles that make up matter (atoms and molecules) and how they are all in motion. Level 2: Compare the particle arrangement and motion of different states of matter. Level 3: Explain how the amount of thermal energy determines states of matter. Define thermal energy, freezing point, melting point, boiling point, condensation, and vaporization.

3. Key vocabulary: review particles definite freezing point (atoms and molecules) indefinite melting point solid shape boiling point liquid Volume condensation gas thermal energy vaporization

4. I.States of matter A.Solid 1.definite shape (shape does not change) 2.definite volume (always take up same amount of space) 3.particles densely packed 4.Very strong bonding forces

5. B. Liquid 1.no definite shape 2.definite volume 3.particles close 4.strong bonding forces

6. C. Gas 1.no definite shape 2.no definite volume 3.particles far apart 4.weak bonding forces

7. II. Particle Motion A.Solid – the bond between the particle keeps the particles from moving very much B.Liquid – the bonds between particles are strong but allows for more movement than in solids C. Gases – the bonds between the particles are weak allowing the particles to move freely

8. III. Heat and State of Matter A. Thermal Energy – heat energy that, when added to objects, can control their state of matter B.Adding thermal energy 1.Melting – heat is added to a solid allowing particle motion to become stronger than bonding forces/ the solid becomes a liquid 2.Vaporization – heat is added to a liquid allowing particle motion to become greater than bonding forces/ the liquid becomes a gas (boiling point)

9. B. Removing Thermal energy C ondensation – heat is removed from a gas causing the bonding forces to be greater than the particle motion / the gas becomes a liquid 1.Freezing – heat is removed causing the bonding forces to be much greater than particle motion/ the liquid becomes a solid

10. Freezing Point 32 o Melting Point 32 o Water