1. EFFECTIVE QUESTIONING STRATEGIES Student Engagement dimension Sub-dimension 1 Intellectual Work: Quality of questioning

2. Ineffective questions Embarrass Generate incapacitating fear Produce incorrect responses Publicly expose students’ lack of knowledge Result in one student answering Enable disengagement

3. Effective questions Promote learning Engage all students Expose what students know Are asked after every important step or point Give students the opportunity to get feedback from other learners Are answered by every student Probe and deepen students’ understanding

4. Effective questions often ask for benefits, solutions, possibilities, approaches, patterns, causes, connections, similarities, differences, implications, inferences, predictions, extensions, links, decisions, rationale, critical attributes

5. Questioning steps to increase student engagement 1.Pose the question. 2.Give students silent time to develop an individual response first. 3.Ask students to share their thoughts with people seated near them. 4.Bring students’ conversations to a close. 5.Ask some students to share responses with the whole class. Once this process is embedded in the classroom, engagement increases greatly because students aren’t afraid of being caught not knowing.

6. EFFECTIVE QUESTION SAMPLES 1. What are the similarities and differences between the United States and Canada? 2. What might be the result of changing the tilt of the earth’s axis of rotation? 3. What is a possible next step? 4. Explain what I just tried to say better that I did. 5. Describe how my 2 nd hour (or another teacher’s class) might answer this question? 6. Defend my claim that … is true.