1. Commentary: Memory for spatial locations, motor responses, and objects: triple dissociation among the hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and extrastriate visual cortex (Raymond P. Kesner, Bridget L. Bolland, Manoli Dakis, 1992) Courtney Dawson Samantha Fabbri Nish Pais Cristian Rocha Avik Sarkar

2. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-up Study Conclusion 1. Background 2. Introduction 3. Contradictory Evidence 4. Recent Studies 5. Follow-up Study 6. Conclusions Schedule

3. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-up Study Conclusion Background Hippocampus Spatial Location Response Visual Object Info 1. Hippocampus exclusively mediates all incoming information INPUT Samantha Fabbri

4. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion Hippocampus Caudate Nucleus Extra-striate Visual Cortex INPUT Spatial Location Response Visual Object Info 2. Triple dissociation among the hippocampus, caudate nucleus and extra-striate visual cortex Samantha Fabbri

5. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-up Study Conclusion triple dissociation among:  hippocampus  caudate nucleus  extra-striate visual cortex  Response  Spatial location  Visual object recognition Introduction Samantha Fabbri

6. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-up Study Conclusion Spatial location controls received cortical lesions Response and visual object controls received sham-operated control Lesions The extent of each lesion was variable Lesions ? Courtney Dawson

7. Olfactory Cues One study regarding odor familiarity in a radial maze hypothesized that such patterns of exploration would depend upon the olfactory environment olfactory information can act as directional cues for animals exploring the radial maze. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-up Study Conclusion Avik Sarkar

8. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion Recent Studies Voermans et al. 2004. Interaction between the Human Hippocampus and the Caudate Nucleus during Route Recognition. Neuron. 43:427-435. Courtney Dawson

9. Mizumori, S., Yeshenko, O., Gill, K., and Davis, D. 2004. Parallel processing across neural systems: Implications for a multiple memory system hypothesis. Neuro. Learning and Memory. 82:278-298. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion Avik Sarkar

10. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion Follow-Up Study Purpose  Is there an interaction between the hippocampus, caudate nucleus and extra-striate visual cortex in mediating working memory? Method  Selectively lesion either: 1. The hippocampus and caudate nucleus 2. The hippocampus and extra-striate visual cortex 3. Extra-striate visual cortex and caudate nucleus 4. Only the hippocampus Courtney Dawson

11. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion Conclusion Our Revised Conclusion Multiple-memory systems exist and converge at a higher processing level. Avik Sarkar

12. Introduction Background Methods / Results Supporting Evidence Contradictory Evidence Further Research Conclusion Birke, L., Sadler, D., 1999. Effects of odor familiarity on the development of systematic exploration in the spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus. Developmental psychobiology. 20(6):627-40 Cohen, Y., Reuveni, I., Barkai, E., Maroun, M. 2008. Olfactory learning-induced long-lasting enhancement of descending and ascending synaptic transmission to the piriform cortex. Journal of Neuroscience. 28(26):6664-9. Kesner, P. Bolland, B. and Dakis, M. 1992. Memory for spatial locations, Motor responses and objects: triple dissociation among the hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and extrastriate visual cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 93:462-470. Mizumori, S., Yeshenko, O., Gill, K., and Davis, D. 2004. Parallel processing across neural systems: Implications for a multiple memory system hypothesis. Neuro. Learning and Memory. 82:278-298. Voermans et al. 2004. Interaction between the Human Hippocampus and the Caudate Nucleus during Route Recognition. Neuron. 43:427-435. References

13. Background Introduction Contradictory Evidence Recent Studies Follow-Up Study Conclusion The End