1. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

2. Questions / Comments

3. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

4.  As more and more bombing raids took place, clear need for control of the air was needed.  Fighter or pursuit aircraft were needed to drive off bombers.

5. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

6.  1915 – French pilot – Roland Garros ◦ Mounted an automatic rifle on aircraft ◦ Fired through the propeller ◦ To keep from shooting off propeller, the rear of the propeller was armored with steel plates

7.  Angled metal guards on the propeller in line with the path of the bullets  The guard is a "V" shaped piece of steel   "U" shaped bullet "gutter" intended to direct the deflected path of the bullet striking it away from the propeller.  sending a ricocheting bullet back into the pilot.  bullet striking the plate could create fractures in the propeller causing it to fail.

8. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

9.  Germans captured Garros and his plane  Dutch – airplane designer – Anthony Fokker improved on design  Fokker designed a machine gun that fired through a spinning propeller  This gave Germans total control over the skies for over a year

10. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

11.  Allies tried to mount a gun to the top of the wing but was ineffective due to increased drag

12. The Wing-Mounted Gun Solution: Fire above the path of the propeller: Fitted with either drum or clip ammunition feed systems Two issues: Unreliable and prone to jamming difficult task of reloading ammunition or clearing a round from a jammed gun while flying

13. Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: 1) What type of aircraft led to gaining control of the air? 2) Describe the first type of bullet deflection used on propellers. 3) What influence did the invention of the interrupting gear have on the use of fighter aircraft? 4) Describe the problems associated with the wing mounted machine guns? 5) Describe the first all metal, low wing monoplane.

14.  May 1918 ◦ German designer Hugo Junkers built world’s first all metal, low-wing monoplane fighter called the Junkers D1 ◦ Arrived too late to make a difference in the war but was the fighter of the future

15. Questions / Comments

16.  September 10  1932 — Major J.H. Doolittle sets new world speed record averaging 294 mph over a 3 km course. THIS DAY IN AVIATION

17.  September 10  1993 — Boeing finishes production of their 1,000 th 747 airplane, 26 years after the 747 program was launched. THIS DAY IN AVIATION

18. Questions / Comments

19. SUNDAYMONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAYSATURDAY 31 Chapter 2 Intro 1 Chapter 2 Curtiss 2 Chapter 2 Vin Fiz Progress Rpts Due 3 Chapter 2 Progress in Europe 4 Chapter 2 QUIZ Progress Rpts Sent Home 5 67 NO SCHOOL HOLIDAY 8 Chapter 2 WWI Preparing for War 9 Chapter 2 WWI Fighter Development 10 Chapter 2 WWI Fighter Aces Lafayette Escadrille 11 WWI TEST FltLine Friday “FlyBoys” 12 1314 Chapter 3 IThe Golden Age 15 Chapter 3 The Golden Age 16 Chapter 3 The Golden Age 17 Chapter 3 The Golden Age 18 Chapter 3 QUIZ 19 20212223 Progress Rpts Due 2425 Progress Rpts Sent Home 26 27282930 September 2015

20. Questions / Comments

21. Chapter 2 The Adolescence of Air Power 1904-1919

22.  Mission:  Describe who developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.  What was the term used to describe a pilot that who shot down enemy aircraft?  Describe the difference between the Allied method and German method to determine a fighter ace.  EQ: Describe significant aviation events occurring between 1904-1919 and their impact on future aviation development.

23. WWI Fighter Aces Fighter

24.  French developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.

25.  Used the term “ace” for a pilot who shot down five enemy aircraft  The British and the Americans adopted the same criteria

26.  Germans required10 enemy aircraft downed for “Ace” to be used

27. WWI Fighter Aces

28.  USA ◦ Edward V. Rickenbacher (26 Victories) ◦ Oct 8, 1890 – Jul 27, 1973 ◦ 300 combat missions (most of any US pilot) ◦ Medal of Honor recipient ◦ Race car Driver / owner Indianapolis Speedway / Eastern Airlines ◦ Frank Luke (18 victories) ◦ May 19, 1897 – Sep 29, 1918 ◦ Over 17 days – had 18 victories (14/4) ◦ 1 st Medal of Honor recipient ◦ Luke Air Force Base (Phoenix, AZ)

29.  USA ◦ Raoul Lufbery – (17 victories) ◦ Mar 14, 1885 – May 19, 1918 ◦ Lafayette Escadrille ◦ French Legions of Honor

30.  France ◦ Rene Fonck– (75 victories – 72/3) ◦ Mar 27, 1894 – Jun 18, 1953 ◦ Ended WWI as top “Allied Ace of Aces” ◦ French Legions of Honor ◦ “I put my bullets into the target as if I placed them there by hand”

31.  England ◦ Edward Mannock– (61 victories ) ◦ May 24, 1887 – Jul 26, 1918 ◦ Interned by the Turks in prison as a laborer – 1915 ◦ Took to flying - deep hatred for the Germans ◦ “I sent one of them to Hell in flames today – I wish Kaiser Bill could have seen him sizzle.” ◦ British Victoria Cross

32.  Germany ◦ Manfred von Richtofen– (80 victories ) ◦ May 2, 1892 – Apr 21, 1918 ◦ “Aces of Aces” ◦ “Red Devil” – “Red Knight” ◦ Leader of the “Flying Circus” ◦ British buried him with full military honors Albatros D. III Fokker Dr. I

33. Nieuport 28 Cockpit

34. SPAD S. VII Cockpit

35. Fokker Dr. 1 Cockpit

36. Fokker D VII Cockpit

37. F-16 Cockpit

38. Cessna 172 Cockpit

39. 747 – 400 Cockpit

40. Airbus 300 Cockpit

41.  Mission:  Describe the aim of the Lafayette Escadrille when it was formed.  What was the contribution of the Lafayette Escadrille to the war effort?  Describe the squadron mascots of the Lafayette Escadrille and their names?  EQ: Describe significant aviation events occurring between 1904-1919 and their impact on future aviation development.

42. Lt. Frank Luke Jr. The Arizona Balloon Buster

43. German Drachen Balloon 14 of 18 kills were balloons

44. Ace Pilots http://acepilots.com Class Page www.Petrucciaviation.weebly.com

45. Questions / Comments

46. The Lafayette Escadrille

47. Raoul Lufbery

48.  Before World War I – planes were not considered instruments of combat ◦ Observers, lap-bombers, fighters, dedicated bombers  Dr. Edmund Gros and Norman Prince led efforts to convince French government the value of a volunteer American unit to fight for France  Aim was to influence American stance against neutrality and join the fight

49.  Stood up spring of 1916 ◦ Escadrille Americaine (number 124) was deployed April 20, 1916 ◦ Germans filed an objection to the name ◦ Changed to Lafayette Escadrille Dec 1916  The aircraft, mechanics, and uniforms were French

50. Captain Georges Thenault – 1 st commander (French)

51. Capt Thenault and other Escadrille pilots

52. The Lafayette Escadrille was from the beginning a pursuit squadron. Originally provided with the Nieuport 11, armed with a single Lewis gun on top of the plane Changed successively to the Vickers-armed Nieuport 17 SPAD S.VII with a single Vickers machinegun and the SPAD S.XIII with the twin-Vickers machinegun. Nieuport 17 SPAD S.VII

53. Nieuport 11 Lewis Machine Gun

54. Nieuport 17

55. Nieuport 28 Cockpit

56. Vickers Machine Gun SPAD S.VII

57. SPAD S.XIII in the colors and markings of Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker, U.S. 94th Aero Squadron

58. SPAD S. VII Cockpit

59. Fokker D.VII

60. Fokker D VII Cockpit

61. Fokker Dr. I

62. Fokker Dr. 1 Cockpit

63. On Monday, 18 February 1918, under the provisions of an agreement between the French and American armies, the Lafayette Escadrille became the 103d Aero Squadron- originally known as 103d Pursuit Squadron- United States Army Air Service. During its tenure, the Lafayette Escadrille had officially confirmed 199 German aircraft victories. No major influence on outcome of war.

64. Of these volunteer pilots, five died of illness; six by accidents in the aviation schools; fifteen were taken prisoners; nineteen were wounded in combat; and, fifty-one were killed over the Front lines. The French government recognized the American volunteers for their heroic achievements in the skies over France with the following: four Legions of Honor, seven Medailles Militaires, and thirty- one citations (each with a Croix de guerre).

65.  Squadron mascots ◦ Lions – Whiskey and Soda

67. Questions / Comments

68.  Mission:  Describe who developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.  What was the term used to describe a pilot that who shot down enemy aircraft?  Describe the difference between the Allied method and German method to determine a fighter ace.  EQ: Describe significant aviation events occurring between 1904-1919 and their impact on future aviation development.

69.  French developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.

70.  Mission:  Describe who developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.  What was the term used to describe a pilot that who shot down enemy aircraft?  Describe the difference between the Allied method and German method to determine a fighter ace.  EQ: Describe significant aviation events occurring between 1904-1919 and their impact on future aviation development.

71.  Used the term “ace” for a pilot who shot down five enemy aircraft  The British and the Americans adopted the same criteria

72.  Mission:  Describe who developed method for recognizing pilots who shot down enemy aircraft.  What was the term used to describe a pilot that who shot down enemy aircraft?  Describe the difference between the Allied method and German method to determine a fighter ace.  EQ: Describe significant aviation events occurring between 1904-1919 and their impact on future aviation development.

73.  Germans required10 enemy aircraft downed for “Ace” to be used

74. Questions / Comments

75. Lesson Closure - 3 – 2 - 1 3. List 3 things you learned today. 1. Create (1) quiz question with answer about today’s lesson. 2. List 2 things you have questions about today’s lesson.

76.  Each Group MUST follow all directions  STOP! - If you are unsure  SAFETY at ALL Times  Accuracy and Authenticity will be judged  Each Group Member is responsible to produce a 2 page paper on the model. ◦ Aircraft Specifications ◦ Aircraft contribution to Aviation development ◦ Significant Aviation Pioneers associated with aircraft (pilots, inventors etc.)  The Group will provide a Presentation on the model. ◦ 5to 7 slides (Title slide; Body; Summary Slide)

78.  Must Use Safety Glasses  Use of Cutting tools is Dangerous – AT ALL TIMES  Must Use Cutting Mats  Extended breathing of adhesives and paint fumes can be dangerous  All Areas will remain clean and organized  Plane Captains will insure All Areas will be cleaned and all items put back in proper locations 10 minutes prior to class ending  Class SAFETY MONITOR will insure areas are clean and safe at all times

80. Questions / Comments

82. SUNDAYMONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAYSATURDAY 29 Chapter 2 QUIZ Progress in Europe Model Building 301 Flying Vertical Commercial Flying Model Building 23 Chapter 2 QUIZ FltLine Friday Model Building 4 567 Preparing for War WWI – Role of the Airplane Model Building 89 Europe in WWI Fighter Development Model Building 1011 1213 Chapter 2 QUIZ Fighter Aces Model Building 1415 US in WWI Ind 2 pg paper Presentation / Models Due 1618 FltLine Friday “FlyBoys” 18 1920 Chapter 2 TEST 1st Quarter Grades Due 21222324 No School Parent/Teacher Conf. 25 262728293031 October 2014