1. CHAPTER 11
BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY

2. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY
Elements of a Computer System
Input device
Processing unit
Memory and storage
Output device

3. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY
Elements of a Computer System
Computer system – all functioning components of a computer
Hardware – the physical elements of a computer system
Software – the instructions that run the computer (word processing, spreadsheets, databases)

4. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY
Computer Networks
Computer network – organizations link computers together so users can share hardware, software, and data
The Internet is the largest and best known computer network in the world.
Exchanging s
Accessing the World Wide Web (WWW)

5. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY
Computer Networks
Intranet – an organization’s private computer network
A smaller version of the internet
Used to share information
Only members or employees can utilize an intranet

6. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Input and Processing
Input: Getting Started
The starting point: data is entered into a computer system with an input device
Keyboard
Mouse
Touchpads
Controllers (video games)
Microphones & Cameras
Webcams

7. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Input and Processing
Processing: Making Things Happen
Processing is the second major component of a computer system
CPU – The “brain” of a computer system.
Program – a series of detailed, step-by-step instructions that tell the computer what functions to complete.
Computer language – a system of letters, words, numbers & symbols used to communicate with a computer.
Operating System Software – translates commands & allows application programs to interact with the computer’s hardware.
Application Software – programs that perform specific tasks.

8. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Input and Processing
Processing: Making Things Happen
Application Software
Word Processing – letters, memos, reports
Desktop Publishing – charts, graphs, visual elements
Database Software – maintain, analyze & combine customer information files
Spreadsheet – formats data in columns & rows in order to do calculations
Presentation Software – slideshows

9. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Memory and Output Memory and Storage: Saving for Later
MEMORY CAPACITY
Bit
Smallest unit
Nibble
4 bits; ½ byte
Byte
8 bits
Kilobyte
1,024 bytes
Megabyte
A million bytes
Gigabyte
A billion bytes
Terabyte
A thousand gigabytes

10. CHAPTER 11-1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Memory and Output
Output: Obtaining Results
Text – processing results displayed on a screen or printed report
Graphics – logos, photos, drawings, scrolling messages, animated graphics
Audio – music and broadcast clips
Video – television commercial, news report

11. DUE AT THE END OF THE PERIOD
CLASS ASSIGNMENT
Page
Page
DUE AT THE END OF THE PERIOD

12. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Management Information Systems
Components of an MIS
Financial information – budgets, sales reports, financial statements
Production & inventory information – production summaries, lists of tools and supplies, finished goods reports
Marketing & sales information – data on customer needs, current economic conditions, actions of competitors
Human resources information – salaries, employee benefit data, employee evaluations

13. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Management Information Systems
Data Sources
External – sources outside an organization: financial institutions, government agencies, customers
Internal – sources provide input from within the organization: accounting records, inventory information, company sales figures

14. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Management Information Systems
The MIS in Action
The operation of the MIS
Identify the information needs of the organization
Obtain facts, figures, and other data
Process, analyze, and organize data in a useful manner
Distribute information reports to those who make decisions
Update data files as needed

15. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Technology in Service Industries
Public Service
More than 60% of workers in the U.S. are employed in the service industries.
Government: keeps social security records
Police: records can be sent to other locations
Medical: information can be found quickly to save lives
Schools: easily transfer records

16. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Technology in Service Industries
Education
Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) – the use of computer to help people learn or improve skills at their own pace.

17. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Technology in Service Industries
Health Care
Keeping patient records
Monitor medications during surgery
Telemedicine – videoconference equipment allows diagnosis by a doctor from a different location.

18. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
Technology in Service Industries
Financial Services
Paying bills online
Checking your credit online
Selling stocks and bonds

19. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
E-COMMERCE
Refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology.
Providing product information
Promoting a company
Selling online
Conducting market research
Making payments obtaining parts and supplies
Tracking shipments

20. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
E-COMMERCE
Refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology.
Providing product information
Promoting a company
Selling online
Conducting market research
Making payments obtaining parts and supplies
Tracking shipments

21. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
E-COMMERCE Types of E-Commerce
BUSINESS
SELLER
CONSUMER SELLER
BUYER
B2B
C2B
CONSUMER
B2C
C2C

22. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
E-COMMERCE
Types of E-Commerce
B2B – Business to Business
90% of Internet transactions (fastest growing segment of E-Commerce)
C2B – Consumer to Business
Online transactions through price offers to businesses (Priceline)
B2C – Business to Consumer
Expanded sales of products in different geographic markets (Amazon & Dell)
C2C – Consumer to Consumer
Bartering and auctions (eBay)

23. CHAPTER 11-2 Business Applications of Technology
E-COMMERCE
Global E-Commerce
Internet-based computer systems. Along with software that translates information from one language to another, make it possible to do business around the world without leaving your computer.
Importing & Exporting – goods are shipped from the closest location to save time and money.

24. CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues
WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGY
Robotics
Mechanical devices programmed to do routine tasks (factories, hospitals)
Expert Systems
Artificial intelligence (AI) – software that enables computers to reason, learn, and make decisions.
Expert systems – computer programs that help people solve technical problems. (IRS, medical services)
Computer-Aided Design
Use of technology to create product styles and designs (CAD)
Telecommuting
Involves the activities of a worker using a computer at home to do a job. Saves travel time and costs.

25. CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues
HOME AND PEROSNAL TECHNOLOGY
School and Homework
80% of students use the a computer as a homework resource. (information source, presentation software)
Home Robotics
Computerized systems exist for repetitive chores (vacuuming, mowing the lawn)
Toys and electronic devices are used to educate and entertain children
Household Record Keeping
communication, shopping online, keeping financial records, maintain address books and family medical history

26. CHAPTER 11-3 Other Technology Issues
SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TECHNOLOGY
Employment Trends
When computers replace workers, companies need to retrain the workers with skills in programming, operating and repair.
Health Concerns
Eyestrain linked to prolonged work at the computer screen
Muscle tension & nerve damage from too many hours at the keyboard
Computer Crime (white-collar crime)
Piracy – stealing or illegally copying software packages or information
Computer virus – program code hidden in a system that can later do damage to software or stored data.

27. Staple to take-home quiz
CLASS ASSIGNMENT
Page
DUE
Staple to take-home quiz