1. 1 DHM: Operational Distributed Hydrologic Model Lecture 5 DHM/HL-RDHM Workshop ABRFC June 5 -7, 2007 Lee Cajina OHD/HL Hydrologic Software Engineering Branch

2. 2 Background Goal – Port the RDHM features ready for operations into AWIPS DHM in OB7.2 (At RFCs) –Executes coupled SAC-SMA and Kinematic Routing grid-based model in NWSRFS batch (OFS/FCST) and GUI (IFP) modes (Only Rating Curve Kinematic Routing Method) –Displays the outlet hydrograph in IFP –Can use the DHM hydrograph as input to other NWSRFS operations and/or segments –Generates state grids as part of NWSRFS carryover runs for continuous modeling –Generate grids for viewing in D2D (netCdf files) Channel flow [cfs] Sac and Routing states –Generate grids for viewing in XDMS (xmrg-like files) Channel flow [cms] Sac and Routing states Parameters Pet –Can use QPF xmrg grids for forecast period –Some glitches when running through IFP (disk space and speed) –No automated tool for moving from RDHM to DHM –Limited modeling of downstream basins (only 1 inflow)

3. 3 Background DHM in OB8.1 (At RFC Beta Sites) –Minor change to determine RFC boundary using rfc coord file (consistent with other OHD applications) –IFP glitches mostly fixed DHM in OB8.2 (Regular Deployment Jan 2008) –Performance improvement - DHM now runs faster –IFP glitches with disk space and speed fixed –Automated tool to transition from RDHM to DHM (DHMGSE) –More complete modeling of downstream basins (up to 5 inflows) –Precipitation and Sac State scalar multiplier modifications (mods) –Grid output while running IFP at user requested times (for viewing in XDMS not D2D) Channel flow [cms] Sac and Routing states Total Runoff [mm] DHM in OB8.3 (~ Jun 2008) –TBD

4. 4 Transitioning From RDHM to DHM Two Main Steps –Define DHM-OP(s) in existing or new segment definitions (using NWSRFS-fcinit) –Convert RDHM calibration data into operational DHM data (using DHM Grid Scalar Editor New )

5. 5 DHM-OP ( NWSRFS Operation) Headwater Segments DHM-OP operationID OUTLET: timeSeriesId SQIN 1 basinId DHM-OP – identifier for new DHM operation operationId - 8 character id for operation; just like all other NWSRFS operations OUTLET: - DHM-OP keyword used to denote the outlet time series timeSeriesId – 8 character id for time series used to store outlet hydrograph; must be defined in DEF-TS portion of segment definition SQIN – data type of outlet hydrograph (must be SQIN) 1 – time interval in hour for outlet hydrograph (must be 1) basinId – 8 character id of basin modeled by this DHM-OP; must be an id in Connnectivity file Downstream Segments DHM-OP operationId INFLOW: upTimeSeriesId SQIN 1 upBasinId OUTLET: timeSeriesId SQIN 1 basinId INFLOW: - keyword used to denote an upstream inflow for current basin –Can have up to 5 INFLOW: lines –Data type can be SQIN or QINE –Time interval must be 1 hour –upBasinId must be defined in Connectivity file –upTimeSeriresId must be defined in DEF-TS portion of segment definition Rest is the same * Definition is free format and order of INFLOW and OUTLET lines does not matter

6. 6 Headwater and Downstream DHM-OP BASINA SegmentA DEF-TS BASINA SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE BASINA QINE 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINA SQIN 1 BASINA ADJUST-Q BLASE BLANTYRE 1 0 0 BLASE QIN 6 BLASE SQIN 6 BLASE QINE 6 1 STOP SegmentB DEF-TS BASINB SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINB SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE BASINA QINE 1 INPUT FPDB BASINA QINE END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINB SQIN 1 BASINB INFLOW: BASINA QINE 1 BASINA STOP Headwater Segment A feeds DHM-OP in Downstream Segment B With 1 Adjusted flow (QINE). Only local area modeled. BASINB Time series produced by DHM-OP adjusted for passing downstream

7. 7 Multiple Inflows for Downstream DHM-OP BASINABASINB BASINC SEGMENTA. DEF-TS BASINA SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINA SQIN 1 BASINA STOP SegmentC. DEF-TS BASINC SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINC SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE BASINB SQIN 1 INPUT FPDB BASINB SQIN BASINA SQIN 1 INPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINC SQIN 1 BASINC INFLOW: BASINA SQIN 1 BASINA INFLOW: BASINB SQIN 1 BASINB STOP Headwater Segments A and B Feed Downstream Segment C with Simulated Flows – SQIN* * can use QINE also SEGMENTB just like SEGMENTA

8. 8 Using DHM-OP with Lumped Operations BASINABASINB BASINC UpstreamSegment DEF-TS BASINA SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE BASINB SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINB SQIN 41.53 107.59 DESCRIPTION LINE END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINA SQIN 1 BASINA DHM-OP BASINB OUTLET: BASINB SQIN 1 BASINB STOP DownstreamSegment DEF-TS BASINB SQIN 1 INPUT FPDB BASINB SQIN BASINA SQIN 1 INPUT FPDB BASINA SQIN END SOME_LUMPED_MODEL (e.g. LAG/K) STOP DHM-OPs feeding an existing Lumped downstream Segment

9. 9 Multiple Downstream DHM-OPs BASINA DEF-TS BASINB SQIN 1 OUTPUT FPDB BASINB SQIN 41.53 108.59 DESCRIPTION LINE BASINA QINE 1 INPUT FPDB BASINA QINE END DHM-OP BASINA OUTLET: BASINB SQIN 1 BASINB INFLOW: BASINA QINE 1 BASINA DHM-OP BASINB OUTLET: BASINB SQIN 1 BASINB STOP Downstream BASINB modeled using multiple DHM-Ops (with and without upstream flow) without – produces just local flow with – produces total flow BASINB * Note: 1 grid created for the entire RFC; when Modeling the same basin multiple times, the values In the grid will show results from the last DHM-OP

10. 10 Converting RDHM Calibrations into DHM Data DHM Grid Scalar Editor (DHMGSE): 1.Converts RDHM grids and scalars into operational DHM grids Can initialize scalars from an existing RDHM input file Allows for multiplier and constant scalars (also % for SAC-SMA states) 2.Ensures the latest Connectivity file is available for DHM

11. 11 RDHM calibrations  DHM dataset DHM input data organized under directory pointed to by $dhm_data_dir token –parameters (directory) grids include scalar adjustments SAC-SMA and Routing parameters (21 grids) –states (directory) initial state grids SAC-SMA and Routing states (7-10 grids) –pet (directory) result of multiplying non adjusted and adjustments and any scalars Daily PET on 16 th of the Month (12 grids) –Connectivity (file) DHMGSE creates the grids and puts them and connectivity file in the proper location

12. 12 DHM Grid Scalar Editor (DHMGSE) 3. Merges new basin definitions into existing set of operational DHM data

13. 13 Merging States With DHMGSE Original State Grid New Calibrated Basin State Grid New Operational State Grid Experience with DMS 1.0 showed basins are added to forecast mode incrementally. The user needs a way to add new calibrated states to the current operational state grids.

14. 14 Using DHM-OP in IFP (background info) /awips/hydroapps/lx/rfc/nwsrfs/ofs/files/$ofs_level/ ofs_level usually=oper dhmdata located using $dhm_data_dir fs5files griddb modsdhmdataOTHER_DIRS parametersstatespet /data/dhm/$LOGNAME/ parametersstatespet precip channelflow runoff Directories for Output DHM data for IFP uses same approach as fs5files. When Using IFP, each user gets a local copy of data. Only Mods are sent back. IFP Data from highlighted directories used to create a temporary local copy For DHM in IFP. DHM root dir (/data/dhm/$LOGNAME) located using $ifp_dhm_data_dir Precip xmrgs located usinng $ifp_griddb_dir

15. 15 DHM-Mods Precipitation Mod (DPRECIP) Basin Multiplier Applied over specified window Multiple Mods supported (cumulative) Only for observed period Like RIMULT mod SAC-State Mod (DSACST) Basin Multiplier Applied on the given date Multiple Mods supported (cumulative) By default applied to start of run (carryover) Values capped at MAX parameter values Like SACCO mod

16. 16 Grid Output In Batch Mode grids for viewing in XDMS and D2D are created during carryover save runs for the carryover save dates (i.e. at 12Z on a give day) –D2D grids are only created for carryover save dates from today to -5 days In IFP grids are created on user requested date(s) –Only for viewing in XDMS

17. 17 Requesting Grid Output Through IFP Grid output created for the times defined by: Start Date End Date Time Interval Grid output created for Selected Layers: Channel Flow Sac State Kinematic State Total Runoff Grid output settings apply for: All DHM-Ops Next DHM-OP modeled No DHM-OP (no grid output) Settings are saved across IFP sessions

18. 18 Specifying QPF QPF is taken from XMRG 6hour total grids created from (NMAP and Mountain Mapper)? QPF specifications for DHM model runs uses existing FUTPRECP technique –FUTPRECP numberOfHours (where numberOfHours represents how much of the forecast period to use actual data) -1 option (use all available qpf not supported) –In batch mode through HCL –In IFP through Universal Techniques interface