1. 1 GAS DETECTORS WP13 – JRA 1 JRA1 Innovative gas detectors WP COORDINATORS: Silvia Dalla Torre, Imad Laktineh Silvia Dalla Torre, Imad Laktineh 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL

2. 2 GAS DETECTORSWP13 WP13 (JRA1): Innovative gas detectors This WP will develop and disseminate within the scientific community novel Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) and Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors (MPGDs). The tasks of the WP are clustered along three major R&D lines: i. i.pursuing the advanced detector developments both in RPCs and MPGDs (tasks 13.2.1-5), ii. ii.providing common tools to facilitate the detector development (tasks 13.3.1-3) and iii. iii.implementing instruments that are strategic in view of the preparation for large series production, as required by present and future high precision HEP Experiments (tasks 13.4.1-7); these instruments are also essential for future applications beyond HEP. 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL

3. 3 GAS DETECTORS 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL MONITORING DELIVERABLES

4. 4 GAS DETECTORS 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL MONITORING MILESTONES

5. 5 GAS DETECTORSCOORDINATION 16 (=15 +1) tasks  task coordinators appointed16 (=15 +1) tasks  task coordinators appointed WP13 meeting (video conference) on 23 October (9.30 am -1 pm)WP13 meeting (video conference) on 23 October (9.30 am -1 pm)  All task coordinators present in person or via a representative, a part 2 (update received later) 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL

6. 6 GAS DETECTORS TASK by TASK 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL

7. 7 GAS DETECTORSWP13.2.1 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL New low-resistivity material New materials are found and being studied. One ot these material is a commercial product by Krefine. It is made of PEEK loaded with Carbon : ρ = 1-3 10 9 Ω.cm 3 cm 5 cm 3 cm 5 cm “linear” correlation between rate and current until 200 kHz.cm -2 A small detector with 300 µ gap was built and exposed to X-ray. High rate RPC using Krefine seems viable up to 200 kHz/cm 2 Additional materials such as doped glass and other doped plastics. On going tests at GIF++ with detectors built with low resistivity glass  Establish a list of low resistivity materials to be used as electrodes for RPC/MRPC  Aging proprieties in intense irradiation are studied  Qualification by the determination of rate response by exposure to intense beams

8. 8 GAS DETECTORSWP13.2.2 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL 2-gap for CMS 4-gap  1 m large RPC made of small low-resistivity glass plates is built for CMS high eta region.  1 x 1 m 2 4-gap RPC using float glass built for the ILC SDHCAL  50 x 50 cm 2 10-gap RPC built for Muon tomography 10-gap Large high rate RPC/MRPC PCB with different pick-up strips configurations were conceived and being tested 32-ch PETIROC ASIC (< 25 ps jitters) Tsinghua TDC (25 ps precision) PCB with pickup strips of different pitches ASU equipped with with 4 mm pitch, PETIROC and TDC was conceived and built to be used for the CMS high eta RPC. DAQ is being developed.  Large, high-rate RPC/MRPC to be conceived and built  Fast timing electronic readout to be used to measure time precision

9. 9 GAS DETECTORSWP13.2.3 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  Systematic studies of RPC detector performance with eco-friendly gas mixtures.  RPC performance in the 10 4 gain range  Detector architecture is optimised and validated with high-intensity.  Space and time resolution measured in beam tests. Eco-friendly gases Replacing R134a by HFO-1234Ze (6 vs 1540 GWP) Tests with different Ar/HFO-1234Ze mixtures 80/20; 70/30; 60/40 :  Good efficiency  Avalanche to streamer separation still marginal - On going tests by adding SF6 ( up to 1% is still acceptable). -Tests to take place at GIF++ (aging study) New RPC architecture New architecture to reach high precision measurement (space, time) 100 x 50 cm 2 with 1.2 mm HPL electrodes ( 7 10 10 Ω.cm), 1 mm gas gap New electronics (Si Ge technology) is being tested on RPC at GIF++ (1000 e RMS ) 2D readout, 25 mm pitch RPC chamber at GIF++

10. 10 GAS DETECTORSWP13.2.4 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL development of a compact, spark-protected, single amplification-stage, high-resolution MPGD  design, construction and qualification of a small size prototype  engineering and realisation of large-size prototype and its validation On going activity: surface resistivity vs gain, rate capability, charge spread, discharge rate Garfield simulation Rate studies Discharge studies Gain studies

11. 11 GAS DETECTORSWP13.2.5 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  New candidate materials for THGEM substrate are qualified by prototyping. hybrid MPGDs including THGEMs and a final MICROMEGAS small size prototypes  large-size high-gain hybrid MPGD prototype realised and validated FIRST YEAR ACTIVITY on going : Detailed characterization of the discharge sources in the hybrid MPGD architecture and discharge propagation in the hybrid MPGD architecture A 2-year postdoc co-financed with INFN resources (50% + 50%): Contract started on 18/8/2015 Discharge in Pad A (720 V) In another pad pad size: 12 x 12 mm 2 Completed concerning the MPGD sector 1s1s1s1s 1s1s1s1s 600  s Adjacent pad, -2V: only 4% decrease in gain! Complete time development 400 ns

12. 12 GAS DETECTORSWP13.3.1 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  The FE chip VMM128, GEMROC and TIMEPIX3 are interfaced to SRS by designing, prototyping and engineering in view of large productions.

13. 13 GAS DETECTORSWP13.3.2 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  development of MPGD-dedicated lab instrumentation: remotely controlled compact HV power supply, picoamperometers and signal processing modules

14. 14 GAS DETECTORS WP13.3.3 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  Development of MPGD dedicated PCB using HDI-technology and 3D chip mounting: designing, prototyping, test phase. Design of a Multi Chip Module (MCM) in High Density Interconnect technology. This includes: The use of SALTROS16 Chip, developed at CERN (The chip has a die size of 8.7x6.2 mm 2, and power- pulsing capability to reduce power consumption when no data is expected) The development of a small carrier board (12x 8.9 mm 2 ) by the Lund group to host the chip high precision bonding procedure (>200 bonds). The Carrier board is being debugged. Top faceBottom face Tin balls ina BGA pattern The MCM architecture is being designed. Each MCM should contain 4 (top) +4 (bottom) carrier boards connected together. The MCM includes micro connectors to connect to the MPGD, CPLD and connectors to the DAQ. Channel density : 6.4/mm 2 Micro-Channel cooling for a ladder of 5 MCM: The power consumption of each MCM is 725 mW/cm2 + 175 mW (CPLD) in continuous running mode. Cooling scheme is being studied to evacuate heat. 16-layer HDI Cooling plate (light blue); micro-channels (dark blue); top side Cooling plate (light blue); micro-channels (dark blue); bottom side

15. 15 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.1 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  Development of integrated mechanical support and Faraday cage for large-area thin RPC chambers (future collider detectors)  Development of mechanical assembly procedures and tools for large-scale production Triplet of new RPCs with 1mm gas gap in support frame and Faraday cage with only 48 mm overall thickness is designed Construction of a triplet RPC prototype foreseen in Spring 2016 Mechanical structure to preserve the RPC and sMDT precision is being designed for the ATLAS upgrade project. NEXT steps: Assembly procedure of large detectors for different technologies (RPC, GEM, Micromegas…) to be established.

16. 16 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.2 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL Protocols and tools for resistive anode manufacturing  development and validation  engineering in view of the technology transfer to industry for future mass production a screen printing unit has been installed in 2015 Test on large surface (50 x 50 cm²) with resistive layer with different parameterTest on large surface (50 x 50 cm²) with resistive layer with different parameter  Learn operation:  Pattern and pitch resistive printing (strip, plain, angle strips, ladder, pixel, …)  Type of resistive paste ( diff. resistivity, conductive, insulating)  Type of mesh for screen Screen printing and then:Screen printing and then:  Optical metrology (started)  Resistivity measurement (fall 2015)  Simulation for charge evacuation  Micromegas bulk (fall 2015)  Detector characterization, Cosmic bench, X ray generator, beam (2016 – 2017)

17. 17 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.3 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  engineering an optical system for quality assessment of mechanical tensioning and flatness of MPGD films and meshes  prototyping integrated FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensors for monitoring the mechanical tension Goals Flatness of MPGD foils/meshes assured within100  m monitored over long term(10-20 years) Flatness QC during assembly Continuous monitoring during operation

18. 18 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.4 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL Fine granularity UV light scanning of the MPGD microstructures to obtain “hole by hole” gain and efficiency maps  small size demonstration  large-size demonstrator engineered towards the industrial version, operated in synergy with a complementary optical scan STATUS: small prototype, version 1, functioning demonstrated First attempts to correlate optical and UV scan optical scan UV scan

19. 19 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.5 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL Design and implementation of a quality control system to ensure the electrical integrity of electrode patterns by pulse reflection method 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL Call for a Post-Doc cofinanced AIDA2020-INFN (contract starting next year) Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) Method FPGA implementation V input Input/Output pad of the FPGA time delay = 2 l / v Vth injection STATUS: design and simulation stage Totem-Pole resistive divider

20. 20 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.6 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  Establish engineering design and protocols for large production design.  Quality control of the components and final RPC to be defined  Large RPC are being designed and produced. Protocols are being studied to fulfil requirement of performance, geometry New HPL plates with few 10 10 Ω.cm were produced. 2-gap large detectors with almost the same size as those foreseen for RE3/1 and RE4/1 are being conceived and built. To be tested soon. MultigapRPC using the same HPL plates used for CMS RPC is being conceived and built in collaboration with KODEK (Korea). Up to 1.3 KHz/cm 2 is achievable. Thickness, gas tightness are worked out to achieve compact but still efficient 2-gap GlassRPC for the high eta stations of CMS. Aging study at GIF++ are on going for several RPC technologies.

21. 21 GAS DETECTORSWP13.4.7 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL  The MPGD production protocol is defined on the basis of the optimisation of the production procedure  the complete production and quality control specifications are consequently defined. On going: Industrialization of large readout PCB for MICROMEGAS Benchmark: the Atlas/NSW MM Two industrial partners: Elvia (France) and Eltos (Italy) Regular meeting and visits  Check each step of the process  Setup quality assurance  Setup of QC in industry QC in industry  Strip pattern (cuts and shorts)  Kapton gluing: resistivity and alignment  Pillar pattern and adherence  Dimensions (cutting and drilling) Setting up the QC protocols Visual inspection (Defects, PCB-Kapton foil alignment)Visual inspection (Defects, PCB-Kapton foil alignment) Accuracy and dimension (Strip pattern accuracy with reference to precision targets, Cutting and drilling)Accuracy and dimension (Strip pattern accuracy with reference to precision targets, Cutting and drilling) Pillars (Pattern, Attachment,Height)Pillars (Pattern, Attachment,Height) Electrical properties (Resistivity map, HV conductivity)Electrical properties (Resistivity map, HV conductivity) Bubbles after Kapton gluing Pillars: Oval and displaced pillar

22. 22 GAS DETECTORSCONCLUSIONS The whole WP13 collaboration is at work:The whole WP13 collaboration is at work:  Already relevant progresses for several sub-tasks No critical element detected so farNo critical element detected so far 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL

23. 23 GAS DETECTORSINFORMATION 130 participants130 participants 6 invited talks6 invited talks 39 contributed talks39 contributed talks 70 posters70 posters find all the scientific material at the Conference web-site:find all the scientific material at the Conference web-site:MPGD2015.ts.infn.it 18/11/2015 AIDA2020 Steering Committee SDT, IL