1. 16 Box Punnett Squares and Mendel’s Laws Using a Chi-Square Analysis to study inheritance patterns

2. Mendel’s 3 Laws Law of Segregation Law of Independent Assortment Law of Dominance You will define these from reading in your textbook in your introduction. Together we will analyze them on a Punnett Square

3. Essential Point Mendel’s Laws only apply when genes are on SEPARATE CHROMOSOMES!

4. 16 Box Punnett Square Dihybrid Cross: – Heterozgous X Heterozygous Test Cross: – Unknown genotype X homozygous recessive – Allows you to determine genotype

6. Lab Activity Introduction: Discussion of Mendel’s 3 Laws Pick a partner. Pick two ears of corn. Hypothesis: Form a null hypothesis for one of the ears of corn based on Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment.

7. Methods: Determine how you will assess the phenotypic ratio of the “offspring” and establish counts. Perform a chi square on each ear of corn with your expected values matching up with your null hypothesis.

8. Data and Analysis: – Organize your data: counts – Organize your chi-square calculation and observed values. – Write a trend to analyze the results of the chi square.

9. Conclusion: – Use your chi square analysis to accept or reject your null hypothesis and suggest the phenotypes and genotypes of the parental generation for each ear of corn. – Explain why these genes must be on separate chromosomes and what would happen to the results if they were on the same chromosome. – Explain why the use of chi square is a valid way to evaluate the data collected.