1. Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion - 3 Laws -

2. Elliptical Orbits Planets travel in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. Furthest point = Aphelion Closest point = Perihelion

3. Equal Area Law A line connecting Earth to the sun would pass over equal areas of space in equal times.

4. Harmonic Law Further a planet is from the sun, the larger its period of revolution (P)eriod= orbit around sun (years) (D)istance= distance from the sun (AU) P 2 = D 3 AU Period Mercury 0.4 88 days Venus 0.7 225 days Earth 1.0 365.25 days Mars 1.5 687 days Jupiter 5.2 12 years Saturn 9.5 29.5 yrs Uranus 19.2 84 years Neptune 30 165 yrs Pluto 39.4 248 yrs

5. Kepler's laws video clip Kepler's laws video #2

6. Newton’s Law of Gravitation Force of gravity is directly related to the masses of two objects. Change in force 1 distance 2