1. Daily Rainfall for the Indian Monsoon Region from Merged Satellite and Gauge Values: Large-Scale Analysis from Real-Time Data A. K. Mitra, M. Dasgupta, A.K.Bohra NCMRWF, India

11. All Other Satellites INSAT series METEOSAT-5, METEOSAT-6/7 (to be moved) SSM/I AMSU (NOAA) TRMM Megha-Tropique GPM

12. What Can Be Done IR data: Take care of Cirrus clouds Combined IR + Microwave Techniques Calibrate IR Rain with MT Data Merge with Gauge Data Prepare Daily, Weekly and Monthly data

13. Digital: IMD 556 surface observation (each district/ county ) 35% received in real time on computer Manuscript form: State governments 3540 gauges Agromet stations 206

14. More real-time raingauge data Computer / Communication is much better now; this is the time Reporting of daily (24-hour collection) raingauge data (especially zero precipitation amounts) needs to be standardized around the globe The organized, constructed 24-hour rainfall database from sub-daily reports of precipitation (3-hourly, 6-hourly, etc.) coming regularly from good stations can contribute significantly as an additional data source This will require coordination efforts at the national and international levels. Delineate areas of no-rain will be useful where less numbers of raingauge data are available (Ebert and Weymouth, 1999).

15. Calibration of IR Rain Jobard Gairola & Krishnamurti INSAT & METEOSAT-5 IR rain can be calibrated with MT Rain Better Rain estimate from MT different instruments from RT and 1-D column physics model with input from NWP Finally with better understanding of Rain process, estimates will be better