1. Promotion

2. Advantages of Promotions
Promotion ,paves the way for employee self employment .
It enhances employee to use his knowledge and skills.
It inspires employees to compete and get ahead of others.
It encourages them to remain royal and commited to their jobs and the organisation .

3. Limitations
Personal prejudices ,biases and union pressures may come in the way of promoting the best performer.
When young employee s get ahead of the senior employees in an organization , they may fell insecure and may even quit the organization.

4. Principle Of Promotion
1. In Writing
2. Seniority or merit basis
3. Job Analysis
4. Allied to training
5. Evaluating employee
6. Recommendation by Supervisor
7. Provision for the challenge of a particular promotion
Notification in advance
Probation
10. Lay down what % of vacancies in higher levels of hierarchy

5. Demotions
Demotion is the opposite of promotion. It is a downward movement of employees in the organizational hierarchy with lower status and lower salary.
Features:
Downwarding process
Punishment for incompetence or mistake of serious nature
Lower status
Lower Salary
Conditions:
1. When organization reduce its activities.
2. Errors in the promotions already made are corrected through demotions.
3. Demotion is a tool of disciplinary action against erring employees.

6. Demotion Policy
Demotion is very harmful for the employee’s morale. It is an extremely painful action, impairing the relationships between people permanently.
A clear list of rules along with punishable offences.
Violation be investigated by competent authority.
Reasons should be stated for Demotion of Employee.
Consistent and equitable application of the penalty.
There should be enough room for the review.

7. TRANSFER

8. What is Transfer?
A Transfer is a change in job assignment . It is the movement of an employee from one job to another without involving any substantial changes in his duties or compensation.

9. DEFINATION ACCORDING TO PIGORS AND MYRES,
“ A promotion is the advancement of an employee to a better job -better in terms of greater responsibilities , more prestige or status, greater skill and especially , increased rate of pay or salary.”

10. PURPOSES OF TRANSFER TO MEET EMPLOYEES REQUESTS
TO MEET THE ORGANISAATION GOALS
TO MEET EMPLOYEES REQUESTS
TO ENSURE BETTER UTILISATION OF THE EMPLOYEES
TO MAKE THE EMPLOYEES MORE VERSATILE
TO ADJUST THE WORKFOCE
TO PROVIDE RELIEF TO THE EMPLOYEES
TO PENALISE THE EMPLOYEES

11. Transfer

12. Types of Transfer Production Transfer Replacement Transfer
Rotation Transfer
Shift Transfer
Remedial Transfer
Penal Transfer

13. Benefits of Transfer Improve employees skills Reduce monotony boredom
Remedy faulty placement decisions
Prepared the employees for challenging assignments
Improve employees satisfaction and morale
Improve employer –employee relations

14. Problems of Transfer
Inconvenient to employees who otherwise don’t want to move.
Employees may or maynot fit in the new location.
Shifting of experienced hands may affect productivity.
Discriminatory transfers may affect employee moral.

15. TRANSFER POLICY
Policy transfer is a process in which knowledge about policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in one political setting (past or present) is used in the development of policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in another political setting.

16. PRINCIPLE
NOT BE FREQUENT
CLEARLY SPECIFIED
WRITING
CLEARLY DEFINED

17. SEPARATION
Separation is a decision that the individual and the organisation should part.

18. Separation can take the following forms:
RESIGNATION: A resignation refers to the termination of employment at the instance of the employees.
DISMISSAL: Dismissal is the termination of the services of an employee as a punitive measure for some misconduct.

19. DEATH: When the death is caused by occupational hazards, the employee gets compensation as per the provisions of the Workmen’s Compensation Act.
SUSPENSION: Suspension means prohibiting an employee from attending work and perform normal duties assigned to him.

20. RETRENCHMENT: Retrenchment is generally on account of surplus staff, poor demand for products, general economic slow down etc.
LAY OFF: A lay off is a temporary separation of the employee from his employer at the instance of the latter without any prejudice to the former.