1. History. Observation. Palpation. Special Test

2. History (10 questions) 1. What happened? 2. How did it happen? Think specifics! 3. When did it happen? Practice, game, home, etc. 4. Where did it happen? Type of surface. 5. Did you hear anything? Snap, crackle, pop! 6. What did it feel like? Snap, crackle, pop! 7. Pain Scale? “1 is a scrap, 10 is the worst pain of your life” 8. Type of pain? Sharp, dull, burning, aching, throbbing, etc 9. Ever happen before? 10. What disability do you have? Can you walk, move, etc.

3. Observation. (What you see) 1. Bilateral Comparison 2. Deformity 3. Limp/Babying 4. Swelling 5. Inflammation: redness, heat, swelling 6. Facial Expression

4. Palpation (physical exam) 1. Bony palpations Actual bones like femur or humerus Different points: shaft, head, base Bony landmarks like malleolus or coracoid process 2. Soft Tissue palpations Actual muscles like Biceps brachii or gastrocnemius Different points: belly/body, tendons Ligaments Cartilage Capsules, bursas, etc.

5. Special Test 1. Stress tests Grade severity Specific to certain structure like ligaments, muscles, etc. 2. Functional Tests Determine return to play or not Walking, running, sprinting, sport specific activities.