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Published byCori Flynn Modified over 8 years ago
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Our English Heritage
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Common Law (don’t write) Since ancient times, England had no written laws People had their own rules to live by Courts also had power of law
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Common Law Common Law- system of law based on precedent Precedent- rulings based on earlier cases
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England’s Early Government Monarchy- government ruled by a king or queen Nobles- people of rank and own land
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King John Bankrupted throne further with more war with France Treated the nobles poorly
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Magna Carta Nobles, treated poorly by King John; rebelled against him. Nobles won! Forced him to sign the Great Letter (Magna Carta)
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This changes things Before King John Signed Magna Carta… God King Law Nobles Everyone Else After King John Signed Magna Carta…. God Law King Nobles Everyone Else
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Henry III Henry III had a group of nobles and church people to help him rule the kingdom Became Parliament- the legislature of England Legislature- lawmaking body
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Parliament Today
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Glorious Revolution 1688- King James II Parliament removed the King Parliament stronger than King 1689- Parliament kicked out James. forced King William and Mary to sign the English Bill of Rights
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English Bill of Rights The King could not: – Suspend Parliament’s laws – Create special courts – Raise taxes – Raise an army Without Parliament’s permission
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English Bill of Rights Members of Parliament were freely elected and had freedom of speech Every citizen had right to a fair trial by jury No Cruel and unusual punishments
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English Heritage in America Colony- group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere
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Jamestown 1607- Charter given by King James I for colony in Virginia Charter- written document granting land and authority to set up a government House of Burgesses- representatives from each county to help the governor run the colony – Became a legislature
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Mayflower Compact Plymouth: other settlers, Pilgrims Compact- agreement or contract among a group of people “Just and equal laws…for the general good of the colony”
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By 1733: 13 colonies had formed in North America controlled by England
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Beginnings of a Democracy
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Life in the Colonies (Do not write) Tough, but manageable
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French and Indian War War Between France and Great Britain Also fought in the Colonies Indians on side of France
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1763: Britain wins! But…..wars are expensive….
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British Win! (do not write) Get New Territory, but, have a lot of debt (wars are expensive) How do we pay for this?
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How to pay for the War Stamp Act- all colonists had to buy expensive stamps to all pieces of paper
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How the Colonists Reacted “No Taxation without Representation” Boycott- refusal to buy goods for a certain reason Repeal- to cancel a law
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Declaratory Act Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the colonies “in all cases”
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Townshend Act Parliament taxed things they colonists couldn’t make themselves Glass, tea, paper, lead Colonists boycotted more
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Tea Act British East India Trading Company Sold tea for cheaper than the colonists ever had
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Boston Tea Party Boston colonists dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor
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Coercive Acts Punishment for Boston Tea Party Occupy Boston Restricted colonist’s rights, trial by jury, moving soldiers into people’s homes Intolerable Acts (to colonists)
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First Continental Congress Each colony sent delegates to Philadelphia to discuss matters Delegates- representatives Wrote letter to King George demanding rights to colonists be restored
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April, 1775 Lexington Concorde British fight the Americans trying to take away their weapons “shots heard round the world”
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Second Continental Congress Debated best course: – Independence or no?
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Thomas Paine January 1776: – Wrote Pamphlet, Common Sense Called for colonists to declare independence from England More than half of delegates agreed with independence
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Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson July 4, 1776
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