1. I CAN Explain what consciousness is Explain what consciousness is Describe Freud’s “Tip of the Iceberg Theory” Describe Freud’s “Tip of the Iceberg Theory” Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

2. Dreaming Wakefulness Wakefulness Hypnosis Hypnosis Meditation Meditation Chemically Altered States Chemically Altered States State Of Consciousness That Are Possible For The Human Mind

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 How is Consciousness Related to Other Mental Processes? Consciousness can take many forms, while other mental processes occur simultaneously outside our awareness

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 How does the brain process information and create a conscious experience? Cognitive Neuroscience: A multidisciplinary effort (cognitive psychology, neurology, biology, computer science, linguistics) who study the connection between mental processes and the brain. How does the brain process information and create a conscious experience? Consciousness is simply a product of the mind

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Consciousness The mental mode we create of the world of which we are aware Also part of the mind where we can retrieve a fact, an idea, an emotion, or a memory and recombine them in the process known as ‘thinking’ The movie in your head

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 What Consciousness Does For Us? Restricts our attention Combines sensation with learning, memory, emotion. Allows us to create a mental model of the world that we can manipulate instead of simply responding to it It’s difficult to read and watch a movie This gives meaning to words you read The past and the possible future, can be brought into awareness So do you tell your friend their new haircut in ugly?

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Multitasking Consciousness is not good at multitasking. Non-conscious processes have no attention restrictions Examples: breathing, digestion, Conscious processes require attention

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Sigmund Freud

9. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Freud’s Levels of Consciousness Conscious Preconscious Unconscious Nonconscious

10. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Freud’s Levels of Consciousness Freud’s “Tip of the Iceberg” There is a much larger, unseen presence beneath the surface Conscious Brain process of which we are aware Preconscious Information that is not currently in consciousness, but can easily be brought into consciousness

11. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Freud’s Levels of Consciousness Unconscious Many levels of processing that occur without awareness Nonconscious Brain process that does not involve conscious processing (e.g. heart rate, breathing, control of internal organs) Motivation comes from the unconscious

12. CAN I? Explain what consciousness is Describe Freud’s “Tip of the Iceberg Theory” Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007