1. Lecture 12 Web: pollev.com/ucibio Text: To: 37607 Type in: 169964

2. Carbohydrate diversity increased by cyclization!

3. Functions of carbs: Energy Other sugars used for energy? Stored as polysaccharides Circulating ___________ for energy LARGE, branched or unbranched forms - Created by specific enzymes - Broken down by specific enzymes Why polysaccharides?

4. Midnight tonight Upload to Dropbox – “Polysaccharides”

5. Bond rotation = structure!

6. Functions of carbs: Structure

7. Functions of carbs: Storage

8. Functions of carbs: Structure, function

9. Changing CHO functional groups

10. Glycoproteins Specific tissues/organisms = Specific modifications Carbohydrates can be joined to proteins (Asn, Ser, Thr)

11. Biological relevance of glycosylation Specific antibodies can bind Blood group antigen protein = Same!

12. Proteoglycans contain more carbs than protein! Incredibly diverse & complex Keratan, Chondroitin, Dermatan, Hyaluronate, etc. Contain glycosaminoglycans

13. Proteoglycans = Protein + Glycosaminoglycans

14. Proteoglycans Many roles: - Cushioning - Lubricative - ECM Can be upto 95% glycosaminoglycan! Eg. 1: Aggrecans + Hyaluronan in cartilage

15. Cushioning

16. Proteoglycans Many roles: - Cushioning - Lubricative - ECM Can be upto 95% glycosaminoglycan! Eg. 1: Aggrecans + Hyaluronan in cartilage Eg. 2: ECM

17. ECM

18. Carbohydrates & Lectins No glycosylation = No recognition Different glycosylation = No recognition Specific carbohydrates/patterns recognized No recognition = ?

19. Carbohydrates & Lectins

20. Protein recognition Proteins made? - How to “target”? Specific glycosylation pattern “mails” proteins to lysosome Function of lysosome? - - Degradative enzymes must get to lysosome! No glycosylation = ?

21. Protein recognition No glycosylation = ?

22. I-Cell disease Glycosaminoglycans, etc. form Inclusions in lysosome Degradative enzymes in blood & urine Protein stuck. Effects? I-cell disease