1. ICCD of HERD Le WANG, XIOPM 2016-01-20, XI’AN The 3 rd HERD Workshop

2. Outline Background ICCD System Key Technologies Progress and Results Next step 2

3. Background ICCD is the readout system of HERD. ＋ 3

4. ICCD System Cathode Gated Intensifier fiber light taper High frame rate and large area CCD 4

5. Specifications Spectral response range: 450nm ～ 600nm Sensitivity: 100 photon/µs Max frame rate: 500fps Dynamic range ：＞ 200 Power consumption: 36W Size: 195mm×250mm×140mm Total weight: 3.5kg 5

6. Key technologies Low noise and high speed imaging of high-frame-rate and large-area CCD The efficient coupling The high speed gating circuit 6

7. Two types of coupling X I O P M Size: 600(L) x 460(W) x 350(H)mm Weight: 50Kg --- 4 units Size: 600(L) x 460(W) x 350(H)mm Weight: 50Kg --- 4 units Weight: ~120 kg, Size: 450×450×670 (mm) ----4 units Weight: ~120 kg, Size: 450×450×670 (mm) ----4 units Taper Relay Lens 7

8. System for Coupling Optical-taper with CCD  The system for coupling optical fiber-taper with CCD is based on image processing technique by using image-evaluation function.  By experiments, it is proved that a higher accuracy is achieved. This method successfully resolves the problem how to obtain the best efficiency of coupling during the coupling process.  At present, we have completed CCD coupled with the fiber taper which applies in the laboratory, and we are optimizing the system to meet the mechanical shock, heat shock and other space environment.  The system for coupling optical fiber-taper with CCD is based on image processing technique by using image-evaluation function.  By experiments, it is proved that a higher accuracy is achieved. This method successfully resolves the problem how to obtain the best efficiency of coupling during the coupling process.  At present, we have completed CCD coupled with the fiber taper which applies in the laboratory, and we are optimizing the system to meet the mechanical shock, heat shock and other space environment. X I O P M Fig. Original Monitor Capture card Stepping- motor control console Optical image system CCD Working stage Optical-taper I/O Computer system Stepping motor Fixed platform coupled with CCD object picture

9. Optical lens coupling FOT coupling 1 FOT coupling 2 FOT coupling 3 2012 2013 2014 2015 9

10. Mechanics 380mm×265mm ×515mm 270mm×250m m×260mm 180mm×180m m×160mm 195mm×250m m×140mm size weight 16kg8kg3.5kg perfor mance low high 10

11. X I O P M Time diagram High Speed Gating 11

12. Progress and Results Test spot diffusion caused by different optical taper.  taper 2:1 (according to CCD) with expansion about 21%. 12

13. Progress and Results Test spot diffusion caused by different light intensity. 13 spot diffusion caused by different gains of I.I. spot diffusion caused by I.I. is 1.5 times in different light intensity

14. Progress and Results Test spot diffusion caused by adjusting the gap between CCD and optical taper (distance, obliquity, mismatch between fiber and pixel).  When the gap changes from 0 to 50µm, the spot diffusion changes by about 1.2 times, which will be ok for the work.  Gap 15µm is not too hard to achieve. 14 spot diffusion for different gaps Coupling gap

15. Progress and Results 15 450 fps has been achieved. Frame rate is influenced by the parameters of CCD and the work mode.

16. Progress and Results Beam test at CERN 2015.11.01-11.26 done Beam test at CERN successfully. 16

17. Progress and Results 17

18. thermal control performance  Temperature Vs Time The average temperature of low range mode is 2 ℃ lower than high one. The temperature of the CCD chip is effected by the environments temperature. High Range Low Range 18

19. Progress and Results 19 High RangeLow Range  Temperature Vs Gray-Value Each of 60 randomly dark pixels is selected from the high range and low range. Using linear fit （ Y=A*X+B ） to the data. High range and low range of the average slope of the 60 points are 26.7 and 16.

20. Next step 20 CCD chip & intensifier Thermal control :cooling Rapid real-time data processing Coupling

21. THANKS! 21