1. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Conflict Sensitive Approaches

2. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. What is conflict?

3. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. “conflict is a relationship between 2 or more parties (individuals or groups) who have, or think they have, incompatible goals” Source – Responding to Conflict

4. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. The progression of conflict – Adam Curle

5. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Phases/ Stages of conflict

6. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. What is violence?

7. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. “violence consists of actions, attitudes, structures or systems that cause physical, psychological, social or environmental damage &/or prevent people from reaching their full potential” Source – Responding to Conflict

8. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Forms of violence (from Kosovo research) Direct violence – intimidation, physical assault, property damage. Non-criminal violence – graffiti, insults, pressure to sell property Intra-ethnic violence – internal censorship, verbal intimidation & isolation

9. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Galtung’s classification of violence Direct violence Structural violence Cultural violence

10. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Why be conflict sensitive?

11. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. C-Somalia Tsunami response Distribution of fishing gear Most INGOs deliver through local authority, while CARE delivers through local partners Governor was not happy with this, and refused to provide security to our convoys Governor propagated rumours that CARE is creating instability, that we were only distributing part of the donations, and mobilised ‘community’ to prevent our distribution When we tried to deliver goods we had to hire ‘security’ from this mobilised ‘community’ to prevent them looting goods

12. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Analysis CARE policy is to use partners rather than local authorities, other INGOs went through the local authority, who was distributing to supporters: Should we by-pass corrupt local authority, or work with them to improve their governance? What risk do we expose partners to through this policy, particularly after we have left? What level of trust & communication systems did we have with the community if they would believe these rumours and demand an income through security against looting by them?

13. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. What is conflict sensitivity?

14. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Conflict sensitivity Understand the operational context Understand the interaction between the intervention and that context Act upon this understanding to avoid negative and to maximise positive impacts

15. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. How conflict sensitive is CARE?

16. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Applying conflict sensitivity to programming Conduct a conflict analysis (and update it regularly) Link the analysis with the programming cycle of the intervention Plan, implement, monitor and evaluate the project/programme in a conflict sensitive way.

17. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Conflict analysis as the foundation of conflict sensitivity Actors Causes Profile Dynamics

18. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. The Do No Harm framework