1. The Ludlum Project Scintillating and wave shifting fibers

2. The Ludlum Project History

3. The Ludlum Project zCollaboration between Notre Dame, Ludlum Measurements in Sweetwater, TX and Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science.

4. The Ludlum Project zChuck Hurlbut of Ludlum Measurements and Dr. Ruchti have worked together for 20 years. zHurlbut was the fiber contact for Bicron in Cleveland during the Super Conducting Super Collider(SSC) days until he left and eventually joined the family-owned Ludlum Measurements.

5. The Ludlum Project zLudlum Measurements is a manufacturer of radiation detection and measurement equipment for medical, nuclear, and oil industries. zSmall Business Innovation in Research proposal submitted to DOE and approved. zCurrently in Phase II.

6. The Ludlum Project zDr. Kaufman is an Organic Chemist at Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science who synthesizes the dyes from flowers. zLudlum Measurements incorporates the dyes into the scintillators and prepares the samples. zNotre Dame tests and analyzes the samples.

7. The Ludlum Project zDr. Ruchti invited Dr. Bishop to run the testing and analysis of the project. zQuarkNet teachers and students help run the tests and will help with analysis both last summer and this summer.

8. The Ludlum Project z Dr. Jim Bishop

9. The Ludlum Project z Dr. Randy Ruchti

10. The Ludlum Project z Kevin Alby z Jeff Chorny z Helene Dauerty z Nick Erdman z Maggie Jensen z Beth Beiersdorf z Greg Kohn

11. The Ludlum Project

12. Motivation

13. The Ludlum Project zLudlum can develop new scintillators. zKaufman at Philadelphia receives funding to continue research. zNotre Dame can create new particle detectors.

14. The Ludlum Project zMinimize the crossing interval yFermi396 ns yCMS 25 ns yFuture 1 ns

15. The Ludlum Project zEnsure the durability of fibers in a radioactive environment. zDetermine whether wavelength is absorbed by the waveguide. zTest for a fast response time.

16. The Ludlum Project General Characteristics

17. The Ludlum Project

18. zScintillators yAbsorb energy from an excited lattice yEmit energy as light zWavelength shifters  Absorb light and re-radiate at different.

19. The Ludlum Project Tests

20. The Ludlum Project zHitachi Spectrophotometer ygives peak excitation and emission spectrum.

21. The Ludlum Project zScintillation test

22. The Ludlum Project zScintillation test ymeasures intensity of light output from scintillation yexcited by Sr-90 yOutput detected by PMT

23. The Ludlum Project zLaser Test yDetermines the lifetime yWhen the laser light hits the sample, how fast does the emitted light come out? yFaster is better for new accelerators

24. The Ludlum Project zRadiation Damage yUniversity of Michigan y1 Mrad in a reactor yAll three tests are repeated

25. The Ludlum Project Results

26. The Ludlum Project

27. The unexpected

28. The Ludlum Project zLaser decay tail. zOccasional improved results after irradiation. zExcitation spectrum is different than spectrum in solvent. z Scintillating Snapple