1. The Age of Exploration: 1490-1640

2. ► ► 1513 Juan Ponce de Léon lands on the Florida peninsula. ► ► 1515 Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches the Pacific Ocean. ► ► 1540 Francisco Vázquez de Coronado explores the Southwest. ► 1586 English colony at Roanoke Island disappears (the Lost Colony). ► 1590 Iroquois Confederacy established to stop warfare among the Five Nations. ► 1607—Jamestown Settlement

3. Before the Explorers ► North America—sparsely populated by several hundred Native American tribes ► Tribes were not encountered simultaneously ► Tribes differed in language, government, social organization, customs, housing, and methods of survival

5. Why They Explored ► Greed ► Curiosity ► Sense of Adventure

6. Captain John Smith ► 1607—Established the first permanent English settlement in North America (Jamestown) ► 1608-1609—served as president of the Virginia Colony ► 1624—wrote The General History of Virginia

7. Captain John Smith ► Led the explorations along the rivers in Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay ► Sailed with Christopher Newport ► Noted for being an adventurer, poet, mapmaker, and egotist. ► And for his association with Pocahontas and the Powhatan Confederacy

8. Map of Virginia—1612

9. The Chesapeake Bay—Present

10. Garcia Lopez de Cardenas ► A Spanish conquistador of present New Mexico ► 1540: Commanded to locate a river ► 20 days later: Found the river but could not reach it—WHY NOT? ► They were standing on the South Rim of the Grand Canyon ► Several days later: forced to return because of dehydration ► Considered the first European to see and describe the Grand Canyon

11. The North Rim of the Grand Canyon

12. Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca ► Second in Command for the Narvaez expedition in Spanish Florida ► 1528—landed in Tampa Bay ► Lead 400-man expedition to Texas ► Encounter hostile natives, illness, and starvation

13. Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca ► Set sail for Mexico in five flimsy boats ► Only 60 reach the Texas shore ► Only 4 survivors reach Mexico (8 years later) ► Records his experiences in La Relacion.

14. Narrative Account — tells the story of real-life events ► Narrative Nonfiction  Tells about real people, places, objects and events  Similar to autobiographies, biographies, journals, and diaries ► Exploration Narrative  Records information about the writer’s own travels to an unfamiliar place ► Journal  Records daily events and personal observations