2. New Horizon College English Book III Key to Unit Six

3. Section A Section B How to Prepare for Earthquakes Changes in the Balance of Nature

4. Exercises Section A 1. Vocabulary 2.Collocation 4. Sentence Structure Ex. III, p. Ex. III, p. 152 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. III, p. 152 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. III, p. Ex. IV, p. 153 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. IV, p. 153 Ex. V, p. 154 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. V, p. 154 Ex. VI, p.154 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. VI, p.154 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. VII, p.155 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. VIII, p. 156 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. IX, p.156 3. Word Building 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. X, p. 157

5. 5. Cloze Ex. XI, p. 157 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XI, p. 157 Ex. XII, p. 158 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XII, p. 158 4. Translation Ex. XIII, p. 159 《读写教程 III 》 : Ex. XIII, p. 159

6. Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. resistant withstand sensible joint fasten enclose precaution accidental occurrence data detect vertical related experimental arrangement 1.It would have been more sensible to save the money than to spend it all on clothes. 2.The system is so sensitive that it can detect changes in temperature as small as 0.003 degrees. 3.The doctor advised us to take every precaution so as not to catch cold. 4.It was the strangest occurrence I can remember in my university days. 5.The government demands that the bridge be build to withstand an earthquake of 8.3 magnitudes.

7. 6.On a long-term basis they may contribute to developing crops which are resistant to drought. 7.In some places the cliff was almost vertical,and much too dangerous to climb. 8.The accidental discharge of the poisonous gas caused some chaos. 9.Please find enclosed the application information you requested. 10.Passengers should keep their seat belts fastened until the warning light is extinguished. resistant withstand sensible joint fasten enclose precaution accidental occurrence data detect vertical related experimental arrangement

8. Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words and expressions in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 1. He has just left prison after doing two years for bodily harm. 2. We’ll pay great attention to the developments in earthquake prediction and prevention. 3. The transplanted( 移栽的 ) trees are able to fight against cold weather. 4. Somehow I managed to cover her with my coat and extinguish the flames with my hands. 5. Don’t get discouraged by difficulties. Please remember we are just new to the experiment. 1. come out of 2. watch for 3. resistant to 4. put out 5. After all

9. Vocabulary 6. Where you live can have much an effect on the way you feel. 7. The union and the management have the same opinion about a new contract. 8. The workers at the airport secure labels to the luggage of the passengers. 9. I will give a speech on behalf of you at the meeting tomorrow when it is necessary. 10. Apart from the cost, we need to think about how much time the job will take. 6. make a difference to 7. agree on 8. attach labels to 9. if necessary 10. In addition to

10. Vocabulary V. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once. Word Bank A)broadcasting B)predicting C) stroking D) shallow E)shadow F) distinguish G) detect H) precaution I)unfair J) arbitrary K) significant L) sensible M) sensitive N) worthless O) dependent Do you know February 2nd is Groundhog's Day ( 土拨鼠日 )? Legend has it that on this morning, if a groundhog can see its shadow, there will be six more weeks of winter. If it cannot see its shadow, spring is on the way. Some believe that the means of forecast is rather arbitrary and is often incorrect. Others argue that it is significant because it recognizes that the different parts of nature are connected in some way. Each part is dependent on the rest of the parts for a healthy system. Some farmers pay close attention to the behavior of ducks and geese when predicting the weather. 1. E 2. J 3. K 4. O 5. B

11. It is sensible to guess an early winter is coming when you see ducks and geese moving south in October. Many dog owners can tell when winter or spring will come by stroking their pet. In preparation for winter, a dog's hair becomes thicker. Dogs lose hair as spring sets in. Information gathered from nature can help people to take precautions against a hard winter or bad storm. Some animals are even believed to be able to detect when an earthquake will occur. People holding this belief even go further to say that information gathered by computers is often worthless and nature is far more accurate: Isn't it time we started paying attention to what is around us? Vocabulary 6. L 7. C 8. H 9. G 10. N Word Bank A)broadcasting B)predicting C) stroking D) shallow E)shadow F) distinguish G) detect H) precaution I)unfair J) arbitrary K) significant L) sensible M) sensitive N) worthless O) dependent

12. Collocation 1.The newly elected President had to consolidate his central control over the society and reinforce the _____ of national identity in the public. 2.I think the President would reinforce the _____ delivered by the Secretary that the parties need to concentrate their energies on addressing those issues that he identified. 3.The comments from the witnesses serve to reinforce Gansberg’s implied ____ that the criminal is guilty of intended murder and this brings the hearing to an end. 4.His happy _____ is reinforced by the spiky hair and the wide grin. 11 1. sense 2. message 3. argument 4. image VI. Study the words that can collocate with “reinforce” and complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. belief sense message knowledge argument reputation image standard idea habit

13. Collocation 12 5. The idea that greenhouse effects are not purely internal matters was presented by them at the last conference. At this conference they have nothing new to offer in their report but only to reinforce their _____ a bit further. 6.Perhaps the disaster had reinforced the _____ already taking shape in his mind that something was seriously wrong with the government system. 7.That is a good book, which aims to reinforce our _____ and understanding of the AIDS problems and to question and reconsider many measures taken before. 8.Wilson’s reputation has been questioned by scandals but what he did recently helped him reinforce his ______ for political neutrality and impartiality. 12 5. idea 6. belief 7. knowledge 8. reputation belief sense message knowledge argument reputation image standard idea habit

14. Collocation 13 9. The major aim of the new housing policy has been to reinforce a reasonable _____ of accommodation for the less well-to-do who cannot buy their own homes. 10. If you continue to read without much thinking or write carelessly, you would reinforce your bad _____, which later will become harder and harder to break. 13 9. standard 10. habit belief sense message knowledge argument reputation image standard idea habit

15. World Building VII. One way to form a compound is to put two nouns together with or without a hyphen. For example: earth(n.) + quake(n.) earthquake air(n.) + craft (n.) aircraft ( 飞行器 ) study the following words listed in the two columns, and form compounds by matching them up properly. Then translate the compounds into Chinese.

16. Word Building AB 1. cupa.dust cupboard 碗厨 2. motorb. head motorcycle 摩托车 3. silkc. servant silkworm 蚕 4. teard. pane teargas 催泪毒气 5. bloode. maker bloodstain 血迹 6. sawf. board sawdust 锯木屑 7. cabinetg. stain cabinet-maker 细木工匠 8. steamh. sleeves steamboat 汽船 9. arrowi. cycle arrowhead 箭头 10. shirtj. boat shirtsleeves 衬衫袖子 11. windowk. drop windowpane 窗玻璃 12. manl. worm manservant 男佣人

17. World Building VIII. Verbs can be formed by adding the prefix en- to adjectives, nouns or other verbs. For example: en- + rich enrich en- + close enclose Study the following words and complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. enable encourage endear enact encircle enforce enlarge endanger enlighten ensure 1. Don’t __________ her laziness by doing things for her. 2. The meeting ended in a plan to _______ the central park into a stadium that is able to seat 50,000 people. 1. encourage 2. enlarge

18. World Building 17 3. A 40-foot-high concrete wall ________ the jail. 4. The new test should ______ doctors to detect the disease early. 5. You will ________ your health if you work so hard. 6.Peter thought the world was flat until I ___________ him. 7. Please ______ that it is written into your contract. 8.Governments make laws and the police ______ them. 9. She often _______ the stories told to her by her father. 10. She managed to ______ herself to everybody by her kindness. enable encourage endear enact encircle enforce enlarge endanger enlighten ensure 3. encircles 4. enable 5. endanger 6.enlightened 7. ensure 8. enforce 9. enacted 10. endear

19. Sentence Structure IX. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using “so that”. 1. As it was quite windy outside, Jack closed all the windows and doors ___________________( 这样宝宝就不会着凉了 ). 2.The candidate toured in several cities in the state, giving speeches of his political viewpoints ___________________( 为的是更多的人会投他一票 ). 1. so that the baby would not catch cold 2. so that more people would vote for him

20. Sentence Structure 3. Tom cleaned his father’s car and mowed ( 刈草 ) the lawn by himself _____________________ ( 这样他父亲也许会原谅他这次数学考试不及格 ). 4.Mr. Johnson made full preparation for the experiment ___________________________( 以便实验能顺利地进行） 5. I’ll give you all the facts___________________( 使你自己能作出判断）. 3. so that his father might forgive him for his failure in the math exam 4. so that it would go on smoothly 5. so that you can judge for yourself

21. Sentence Structure X. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one with “which ”. Model: The hens sit on a pole or branch. They normally do that at night. The hens sit on a pole or branch, which they normally do at night. 1.She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing. That is pretty good for a woman of 50. 1. She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing, which is pretty difficult for a woman of 50.

22. Sentence Structure 2. He wore his swimming things in the office. That shocked his boss a great deal. 3. They ran out of drink. That actually didn’t bother me because I wasn’t drinking. 4. They will win the match. That will please my brother. 5. She borrowed a book on literature. That suggests that her literature teacher was having some influence on her.. 2. He wore his swimming things in the office, which shocked his boss a great deal. 3. They ran out of drink, which actually didn’t bother me because I wasn’t drinking. 4. They will win the match, which will please my brother. 5. She borrowed a book on literature, which suggests that her literature teacher was having some influence on her.

23. Translation XI. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 我们应该尽最大努力预测地震，这样地震造成的财产破坏才会被尽可能地避 免。 1.We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be prevented as much as possible. try one’s best forecast as much as possible destruction of property

24. Translation the surface of the water large schools of fish indicate 2. A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake. 2. 一个农民注意到有很多鱼在水面上游动，他说这预示着可能有地 震发生。

25. Translation 3. 要将英英词典放在手边。当你不能准确地理解单词时，你就能随时查阅。 handy with accuracy refer to 3. Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.

26. Translation 4. 如有必要，生活在将要发生地震地区的人可以睡在帐篷里。 if necessary be about to sleep in tents 4. If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents.

27. Translation 5. 对一个想找工作的学生来说，有没有硕士学位的确有很大影响。 master’s degree make a great difference 5. A master's degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.

28. Translation 6. 这本书除了告诉我们地震方面的知识外，还告诉我们如何作好预防 工作。 in addition to how to prepare for 6. In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.

29. Translation XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. As most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings, building structures must be improved so that they can withstand the power of earthquakes. 2. People should have supplies of water and food at home and at work, which is especially necessary in possible occurrence of an earthquake. 1. 由于在地震中遇难的人大部分都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的，所以 一定要改进建筑结构，以便它们能够抵御地震的力量。 2. 人 们应该在家里和工作地点储备些水和食物，这在可能发生地震 时是特别必要的。

30. Translation 3. In both Japan and China, people have long believed that earthquakes can be forecast by watching the behavior of animals. 4. working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common should also prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake in several other aspects 3. 在日本和中国，人们长期以来一直相信通过观察动物行为可以预测 地震。 4. 除了努力改进建筑结构之外，地震多发地区的人们还应该在其他几 个方面为可能发生的大地震做好准备。

31. Translation 5. It is sensible for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and all the family members should know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake. 6. As the few remaining working telephone lines will be very busy, all of the family members should call to check in with a friend or relative who lives far away from the earthquake- stricken area. 5. 明智的做法是每个家庭都制定地震应急计划，而且所有的家庭成员 都应该知道在地震过后的混乱中如何离开那个地区。 6. 由于剩下的几条可用电话线路将会很忙，所有的家人都应该往住在 远离地震区域的某个朋友或亲戚家中打电话报平安。

32. Cloze XII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank. 1)A. blamed B. plagued C. imposed D. blessed 2)A. held on B. kept to C. resulted in D. pointed out 3)A. depends on B. catches on C. carries on D. draws on 4)A. stung B. struck C. scratched D. stuck 5)A. largely B. enormously C. densely D. vastly 6)A. clashing B. clamming C. cracking D. crashing 7)A. at risk B. at peace C. at best D. at length Earthquakes have plagued our lives for as long as people have inhabited the Earth. These dangerous acts of the Earth have resulted in great damage to human beings. Earthquakes damage depends on what area is hit. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hit a large city which is densely populated, there may be serious injuries and destruction. Earthquakes have the power to uproot trees and send them crashing into buildings. They can trigger landslides and cause flooding and tsunamis. Buildings and structures are also at risk. It is interesting to note that tall 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 C 6 D 7 A

33. buildings will suffer the least damage if they are located directly at the epicenter. This is because they can withstand the up-and-down motion of P- waves. S-waves, on the other hand, occur far away from the epicenter, and cause the greatest stress by shaking buildings from side to side. These buildings are often knocked off their foundations. Buildings with thick, heavy walls do not resist shock waves very well. Violent earthquakes often cause structures to collapse, burying people underneath. Brick buildings are the most vulnerable. The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the subsequent fires and folds that often 8)A. the real B. the less C. the least D. the most 9)A. transform B. undergo C. withdraw D. withstand 10)A. by B. to C. with D. on 11)A. consist B. resist C. persist D. exist 12)A. vanish B. collapse C. collide D. confront 13)A. dependable B. valuable C. favorable D. vulnerable 14)A. constant B. consistent C. subsequent D. frequent Cloze 8 C 9 D 10 A 11 B 12 B 13 D 14 C

34. the greatest damage occurs. Predicting an earthquake until now has almost been technologically impossible. With improvements in technology, lives have been saved and many more will. All that remains is to research to the point that a successful earthquake prediction is theoretically possible. However, accurate prediction of earthquake may take more years. 15)A. allows B. appears C. rewards D. occurs 16)A. positive B. impossible C. possible D. impressive 17)A. will B. shall C. have D. can 18)A. represents B. reflects C. remains D. reminds 19)A. on B. at C. in D. to 20)A. adequate B. absolute C. significant D. accurate 15 D 16 B 17 A 18 C 19 D 20 D

35. rotate flourish retain manual outcome permanent exceed abuse duration accelerate ignorant likewise protective shortage III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Exercises Section BExercises Section B 1. Parents undoubtedly worry even more than teachers about the horrible outcome of their children not doing schoolwork. 2. Most police departments keep a permanent record of all violent crimes committed in their area. 3.The car has been General Motor’s most visible success story, with sales far exceeding expectations. 4. And because the bank lends on a large scale, its failures are likewise on a large scale. 5. It is the development strategy of the company to accelerate its overseas expansion so as to take a slice in the world market.

36. Vocabulary 6.How to retain the technical talents in the company remains an important issue for the management of the company. 7.Mary was totally ignorant of what had happened to her boyfriend. 8.They acknowledge that there was a severe shortage of nurses throughout the country and they came to a conclusion that a training program should be organized. 9.According to the event, the duration of this state may last from just a few months to many years. 10.Some countries have taken more protective measures to save life and property damage from earthquakes. rotate flourish retain manual outcome permanent exceed abuse duration accelerate ignorant likewise protective shortage

37. Vocabulary IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in brackets. 1.Since I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on charity work, which I am very happy to take part in. (now that) 2.His suggestion agree with the aims of the project. (in harmony with) 3.That is to say, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities. (in other words) 1. Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more and more time on charity work, which I am very happy to take part in. 2. His suggestions are in harmony with the aims of the project. 3. In other words, 95 percent of the students have passed the entrance examination and been admitted to universities.

38. Vocabulary 4.We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life in comparison with many. (compared with) 5.Since coal is made up from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex. (form from) 6.During his stay in the countryside, he developed the habit of smoking. (take to) 4. We go abroad for a week or ten days every year, but I think we have a very simple life compared with many. 5. Since coal is formed from plants, which are chemically very complicated, its own chemical make-up is very complex. 6. During his stay in the countryside, he took to smoking.

39. Vocabulary 7. The father was kept in the dark about the boy’s secrets. (be ignorant of ) 8.The earthquake that took place last week caused ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area. (bring about) 7. The father was ignorant of the boy's secrets. 8. The earthquake that took place last week brought about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half of the buildings in the area.

40. 9. The lawyer said to the old man:” If you die before you have made a will, the law will decide the distribution of your property, which may not agree with your wishes.” (in accordance with) 10. The changes that have taken place over the past several years – both with regard to the marketplace and in the changing expectations of our patients – increasingly require that our physicians be kind to their patients. (in terms of ) Vocabulary 9. The lawyer said to the old man: "If you die before you have made a will, the law will decide the distribution of your property, which may not be in accordance with your wishes." 10. The changes that have taken place over the past several years—both in terms of the marketplace and in the changing expectations of our patients—increasingly require that our physicians be kind to their patients.