1. Ch.8, Sec.3 – Ratifying the Constitution Federalists and Antifederalists Federalists and Antifederalists - once the Constitutional Convention was completed, the Constitution was sent to states for ratification and newspapers for the public - the framers suspected people might be afraid of the Constitution because of the possible powers taken from the states and absorbed into the federal government - to address the public’s fears, the framers began explaining that the Constitution was based on Federalism, or a system of government where powers are shared between the federal government and the state governments

2. Ch.8, Sec.3 – Ratifying the Constitution - those that supported the Constitution named themselves Federalists - those that did not support the Constitution were called Antifederalists - Antifederalists felt the Constitution took power away from the states and did not guarantee rights for the people - they were also afraid the President would become a king - the Antifederalists published their views in newspapers and pamphlets for others to see

3. Ch.8, Sec.3 – Ratifying the Constitution The Federalist Papers The Federalist Papers - the Federalists countered with essays of their own in the New York newspapers called The Federalist papers - the Federalists included James Madison, John Jay (secretary of Foreign Affairs), and Alexander Hamilton JamesMadison JohnJay Alexander Hamilton

4. Ch.8, Sec.3 – Ratifying the Constitution

5. - most newspapers supported the Federalists, but there was strong opposition to ratification in Massachusetts, North Carolina, Rhode Island, New York, & Virginia - by early 1787, six states had ratified the Constitution - by June of 1787, nine states had voted to ratify the Constitution but New York & Virginia had not cast their votes yet The Battle for Ratification The Battle for Ratification

6. Ch.8, Sec.3 – Ratifying the Constitution - Virginia’s Patrick Henry & George Mason refused to sign the ratification document until a bill of rights was added - by 1790, all states had ratified the Constitution and Congress had submitted a bill of rights - in 1791, the states and Congress passed the Bill of Rights, which were added to the Constitution (see pages 250-252) The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights