1. INTRODUCTION TO ETHICS Ethics

2. Introduction to Ethics What is Ethics  Morality & Ethics  Moral Philosophy/Ethics  Some Classic Moral Problems  Some Moral Questions Ethical Assessment & Value  Focus of Ethical Assessment  Value

3. Introduction to Ethics Spectrum of Morality  Introduction  Absolutism  Objectivism  Relativism  Subjectivism  Moral Nihilism  Moral Skepticism

4. Introduction to Ethics IV Ethics & Other Normative Areas  Introduction  Ethics  Religion  Law/Rules  Etiquette  Aesthetics  Distinct

5. Ethical Reasoning Moral Issues  Issue  Ethical Issue  Resolution  Components of An Ethical Issue Facts  Relevant Facts  Agreement & Disagreement  Resolution of Factual Issues

6. Ethical Reasoning Concepts  Relevant Concepts  Agreement & Disagreement  Resolution of Conceptual Issues Morality/Values  Morality  Resolution Values & Facts  Value Statements/Matters of Value  Factual Statements/Matters of Fact

7. Ethical Reasoning Objectivity & Subjectivity  Objective Statement  Subjective Statement  Objective-Subjective Dispute

8. Argument Basics

9. Argument Concepts  Defined  General Assessment: Reasoning  General Assessment: Are the Premises True?

10. Deductive Arguments Introduction to Deductive Arguments  Defined  Use  Assessment  Valid/Invalid, Sound/Unsound Some Common Valid Deductive Arguments Reductio Ad Adsurdum  Defined  Form #1/Form #2  Example

11. Inductive Arguments Introduction to Inductive Arguments  Defined  Assessment  Strong & Weak Arguments

12. Analogical Argument Introduction  Definition  Uses Form  Informal  Strict Form  Premise 1: X has properties P, Q, and R.  Premise 2: Y has properties P, Q, and R.  Premise 3: X has property Z as well.  Conclusion: Y has property Z.

13. Analogical Argument Assessment  The strength of the argument depends on  The number of properties X & Y have in common.  The relevance of the shared properties to Z.  Whether X & Y have relevant dissimilarities.  Example

14. Argument from/by Example Introduction  Defined Form  Informal  Form Premise 1: Example 1 is an example that supports claim P. Premise 2: Example 2 is an example that supports claim P. Premise n: Example n is an example that supports claim C. Conclusion: Claim P is true.

15. Argument from/by Example Standards of Assessment  Standards  The more examples, the stronger the argument.  The examples must be relevant.  The examples must be specific & clearly identified.  Counter-examples must be considered.

16. Argument from Authority Introduction  Defined  Use Form  Premise 1: Person A is an authority on subject S.  Premises 2: Person A makes claim C about subject S.  Premises 3: Therefore, C is true.

17. Argument from Authority Assessment  Standards  The person has sufficient expertise in the subject.  The claim is within the expert’s area of expertise.  There is an adequate degree of agreement among experts.  The expert is not significantly biased.  The area of expertise is a legitimate area or discipline.  The authority must be properly cited.

18. Logical Consistency(General) Concepts & Method Responding Ethical Relativism, Subjectivism & Nihilism

19. Consistent Application (Normative) Concepts, Assumptions & Method Responding

20. Reversing the Situation(Ethics) Method Considerations Responding

21. Argument by Definition (General) Method Assessing Definitions Responding

22. Appeal to Intuition Method Responding

23. Applying Moral Principles(Ethics) Method Responding

24. Applying Moral Theories (Ethics) Method Responding

25. The “Playing God” Argument(Ethics) Method Responding

26. The Unnatural Argument(Ethics) Method Responding

27. Appeal to Consequences(Normative) Method Responding

28. Appeal to Rules(Ethics) Method Responding

29. Appeal to Rights (Ethics) Method Responding

30. Mixing Norms Method Making the Connection Considerations Responding