1. How concentrated an acid is vinegar? A simple titration experiment

2. The big idea Acids and bases neutralize each other A base of known concentration can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid At the equivalence point, the moles of acid and base molecules are exactly equal Color change is the indication of equivalence Acids and bases neutralize each other A base of known concentration can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid At the equivalence point, the moles of acid and base molecules are exactly equal Color change is the indication of equivalence

3. The reaction Acids and bases neutralize each other A base of known concentration can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid At the equivalence point, the moles of acid and base molecules are exactly equal Color change is the indication of equivalence Acids and bases neutralize each other A base of known concentration can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid At the equivalence point, the moles of acid and base molecules are exactly equal Color change is the indication of equivalence

4. Each mole of NaOH neutralizes one mole of acetic acid For a 1M solution, each mL is 0.001 moles of NaOH Each mole of NaOH neutralizes one mole of acetic acid For a 1M solution, each mL is 0.001 moles of NaOH

5. When you add EXACTLY equal moles of NaOH, the phenopthalein will turn pink and STAY pink the critical ONE DROP is the one that does it When you add EXACTLY equal moles of NaOH, the phenopthalein will turn pink and STAY pink the critical ONE DROP is the one that does it

6. Calibrate the dropper: How many mL in one drop? Count the drops to fill a 4 mL cuvette Calibrate the dropper: How many mL in one drop? Count the drops to fill a 4 mL cuvette

7. Do the calculation

8. Results What was your measured concentration of acetic acid in the vinegar? How does this compare with what the bottle says? What was your measured concentration of acetic acid in the vinegar? How does this compare with what the bottle says?