1. Enrichment products for rotifers
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2. Enrichment of rotifers
Essential fatty acids
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA 20:5n-3)
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6n-3)
Arachidonic acid (ARA 20:4n-6)
Proteins and essential amino acids
Vitamins
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Essential Fatty Acids
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA 20:5n-3), improves survival
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6n-3)
accumulating in the brain of larval fish, improves pigmentation of flat fish, improves growth and development.
Arachidonic acid (ARA 20:4n-6)
substrate for producing eicosanoids
16:0n-9 and 18:1n-9 promote growth
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Enrichment with HUFAs
Rotifers incorporate HUFAs within a few hours
Rotifers are non selective for uptake and non selective for catabolism so can be enriched with lipids on a short term protocol but there is a danger that they can have too high lipid content.
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5. Vitamin C Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C can assist with stress tolerance and reduce deformity (opercular plate for bream)
Rotifers fed
bakers yeast attain 150 mg/g -1 DW
Chlorella attain 1000 to mg/g-1 DW (depending on algal quality)
Ascorbyl palmate is accumulated by the rotifer and converted to free AA. 5% AP w/w in emulsion is converted into AA concentration of 1700 mg/g-1 DW
AA incorporated in the rotifer remains at high levels even after 24 hours in storage
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6. Ascorbic Acid and rotifers
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Enrichment with Vit C
Enrichment using ascorbyl palmitate. AP is converted by the rotifers into active Ascorbic Acid up to 1700 mg.g-1DW after 24 h enrichment when using a 5 % AP (w/w) emulsion
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Proteins
Protein content of rotifers vary between 28 and 67% of dry weight.
Variability is dependant on nutritional status
Protein:lipid ratio is positively correlated to SGR with fast growing rotifers (high protein to lipid ratios) giving better larval growth and survival (Turbot).
Protein and has great affect on early larval production success.
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Phospolipids
used for the formation of cell components particularly during rapid growth periods
during rapid growth phospolipids probably not produced fast enough to meet requirements
found to reduce malformation in larvae
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Algae
Nannochloropsis rich in EPA and ARA
Isochrysis rich in DHA
Rotifers enriched with Isochrysis will attain a DHA:EPA ratio of 2 within a few hours.
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11. Composition (INVE Products)
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12. Composition (RICH Products)
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13. Comparison Selco & RICH
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14. Comparison of Algae Rich and CS3000
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15. Enrichment of rotifers with RICH
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16. Comparison RICH Advanced, Top & S.S.
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