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Published byJade Henry Modified over 8 years ago
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Bacteria What you need to know!!!!
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What are Bacteria? They are prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans. Prokaryotes: Organisms who’s cells lack a nucleus
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Classifying Prokaryotes 2 main types 1. Eubacteria 2. Arachebacteria
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Eubacteria Live almost everywhere Have a cell wall Have a cell membrane Have cytoplasm No nuclei
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Archebacteria Live in extreme environments Have a cell wall No nuclei
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How do we identify Bacteria? Shape Cell wall How they move How they get energy
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Bacteria Shapes Rod shaped: Bacilli Spherical shaped: Cocci Spiral or Corkscrew: Spirilla
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Cell walls 2 Different ones in Eubacteria 1. Gram-positive: Purple when viewed under a microscope 2. Gram-Negative: Light pink or red when viewed
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How They Move Some don’t move at all Some have Flagella: a small whip-like structure that makes the bacteria move forward. Some snake or spiral forward Some glide along slowly
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How do They Obtain Energy? 2 Main ways 1. Heterotrophs: They get energy by eating other organic molecules 2. Autotrophs: They make their own food from inorganic molecules
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Types of Bacterial Heterotrophs Chemoheterotrophs: Take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon Photoheterotrophs: They are photosynthetic but still need organic compounds as a carbon source.
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Types of Bacterial Autotrophs Photoautotrophs: Uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds. Chemoautotrophs: Makes organic carbon molecules from CO2 using energy from chemical reactions.
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How do Bacteria Release Energy? They use either cellular Respiration or Fermentation. Cellular Respiration: Releasing energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules using oxygen. Fermentation: Cells release energy in the absence of oxygen.
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Different types of Bacterial Respiration Obligate Aerobes: Bacteria that must have a constant supply of oxygen in order to live. Obligate Anaerobe: Bacteria that does not need oxygen in order to survive. Facultative Anaerobes: Bacteria that can survive with or without oxygen.
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Growth and Reproduction of Bacteria Bacteria grow and divide at astonishing rates! Types: Binary Fission Conjugation Spore Formation
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Growth and Reproduction of Bacteria Continued… Binary Fission: Type of asexual reproduction in which a bacteria replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells. Conjugation: Sexual reproduction between two bacterial cells. They exchange genetic information. Spore Formation: Used to save itself in unfavorable conditions.
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How we use Bacteria for help!! Decompose dead matter and organisms To preserve food and beverages Yogurt Intestinal bacteria to help us digest food
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The END!!!!!
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