1. Medical Careers Ms. Bystrom
Urinary System
Medical Careers
Ms. Bystrom

2. Functions Excretion: removing waste from blood
Secretion: separation of certain materials from the blood
Elimination: emptying urine from the bladder

3. Organs of the Urinary System
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

4. Two-bean shaped organs located high in the abdominal cavity
Kidneys
Two-bean shaped organs located high in the abdominal cavity

5. External Kidneys Covered by a tough fibrous capsule
Hilum: concave border
where the renal artery
enters and renal vein
and ureter exit

6. Internal Kidney Divided into two sections: Medulla: triangular
shaped wedges that
separate and remove
waste products from blood
Calyces: areas where
waste is emptied
Cortex: smooth areas
around medulla

7. Nephrons The filtering unit of the kidneys Function:
Over 1 million per kidney
Resembles a funnel
with a long, twisted tail
Function:
filtration: everything in blood
is filtered out
Reabsorption: returns useful
substances to bloodstream
Secretion: gets rid of waste

8. The nephron unit

9. Structures of the Nephron
Bowman’s capsule:
The hard, hollow
capsule located on
top of each nephron
Glomerulus:
cluster of
capillaries located
inside of each
capsule

10. The sections of the Nephron

11. Ureters
Long, slender muscular tubes attached to each kidney, leading to the urinary bladder

12. Ureters
Peristalsis: wave-like muscular contractions that move urine down the ureter into the bladder
Calculi: stones that
form in the renal pelvis
and are washed down
the ureter with urine

14. Urinary bladder
Collapsible bag of muscular tissue that expands to serve as a reservoir for urine

15. Urethra Tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body
Sphincters: donut-shaped muscles that permit voluntary control of bladder function.

16. Define These Urinary Terms
Dysuria Polyuria Oliguria Pyuria Nocturia Hematuria

17. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Define:
Cystitis
Urethritis
Nephritis

18. Tests Performed
Urinalysis: test performed on urine to determine its characteristics
C & S: culture and sensitivity; test performed to see if bacteria is resistant or sensitive to certain meds

19. Tests Performed Lithotripsy: use of shockwaves to crush stones
Dialysis: mechanical process of removing waste from blood normally removed by kidneys