1. IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA.

3. Nutritional and metabolic aspects of the iron: Iron in the body is about 2.5-3 g. Iron in the body is about 2.5-3 g. Iron in the Haemoglobin of the RBC represents a greatest percent of body constitutes (60-70%). Iron in the Haemoglobin of the RBC represents a greatest percent of body constitutes (60-70%). Iron is also stored in RE cells (BM, Spleen and liver) as hemosiderin and ferratin. Iron is also stored in RE cells (BM, Spleen and liver) as hemosiderin and ferratin. Also iron found in myglobin and myeloperoxidase and in certain electron transfer. Also iron found in myglobin and myeloperoxidase and in certain electron transfer. Iron presents in the body in two forms: Ferrittin. Ferrittin. Haemosiderin. Haemosiderin.

4. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia in every common country of the world, and it is the most important cause of microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia in every common country of the world, and it is the most important cause of microcytic hypochromic anaemia.

5. Ferrittin: It is a soluble iron form. It is a soluble iron form. Found in the liver, plasma, and placenta. Found in the liver, plasma, and placenta. It is protein and iron compound. It is protein and iron compound. It is Non-stainable and can be measured by Radio Immuno Assay (RIA). It is Non-stainable and can be measured by Radio Immuno Assay (RIA). Males have higher values than females (100 ng/ml for male and 30 ng/ml for female). Males have higher values than females (100 ng/ml for male and 30 ng/ml for female).

6. Haemosiderin: It is insoluble iron form. It is insoluble iron form. Found in liver, spleen and bone marrow. Found in liver, spleen and bone marrow. It is stainable with haematoxylin and eosin. It is stainable with haematoxylin and eosin.

7. Transferrin: Is the plasma protein responsible for carrying the iron. Is the plasma protein responsible for carrying the iron. It is produced in the liver. It is produced in the liver. 1 molecule of transferrin binds two atoms of iron. 1 molecule of transferrin binds two atoms of iron. Total iron binding capacity of transferrin is 300µg. Total iron binding capacity of transferrin is 300µg.

8. Dietary iron: Iron presents in meat, liver, vegetables, and eggs. Iron presents in meat, liver, vegetables, and eggs. The daily consumption is 10-15 mg. The daily consumption is 10-15 mg. Body absorbed only 5-10 % of taken iron, but the proportion can be increased to 20-30 % in iron deficiency and pregnancy. Body absorbed only 5-10 % of taken iron, but the proportion can be increased to 20-30 % in iron deficiency and pregnancy. Absorption as ferrous chloride in duodenum and jejunum. Absorption as ferrous chloride in duodenum and jejunum. HCl in the stomach converts ferric to ferrous to facilitate absorption. HCl in the stomach converts ferric to ferrous to facilitate absorption.

9. Causes of iron deficiency anaemia: Chronic blood loss, especially uterine of gastrointestinal tract. Chronic blood loss, especially uterine of gastrointestinal tract. Increased demands, during pregnancy, infancy, growth, lactation and menstruated women. Increased demands, during pregnancy, infancy, growth, lactation and menstruated women. Malabsorption especially in the cases of gastroectomy,peptic ulcer, aspirin ingestion, carcinoma, hookworm, colitis. Malabsorption especially in the cases of gastroectomy,peptic ulcer, aspirin ingestion, carcinoma, hookworm, colitis. Poor diet. Poor diet.

10. Clinical features: When ID is developing, the RE stores (hemosiderin and ferritin) become completely depleted before anemia occurs. When ID is developing, the RE stores (hemosiderin and ferritin) become completely depleted before anemia occurs. At an early stage, no clinical abnormalities. At an early stage, no clinical abnormalities. Later, patient may develops general symptoms and signs of anemia. Later, patient may develops general symptoms and signs of anemia. Angular stomalitis. Angular stomalitis. Spoon or ridged nails in severe case of IDA. Spoon or ridged nails in severe case of IDA. Dysphagia. Dysphagia.