1. FIGURE 10.1. Examples of each type of GI. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

2. FIGURE 10.2. Examples of raster and vector GI representation types. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

3. FIGURE 10.3. Key components of the georelational model, chains, nodes, and polygons. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

4. FIGURE 10.4. Simplified illustration of a quad-tree. The top part shows the optimized hierarchical structure for raster data with a 5 m resolution. The bottom part shows the data as a graphic. The quad-tree optimizes storage by maximizing the extents of collated raster cells sharing the same attribute. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

5. FIGURE 10.5. Two examples of field GI. On the left a DEM, on the right GIRAS land use. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

6. FIGURE 10.6. Example of a TIN data structure. Each triangle is a facet of a hill slope representing a change in elevation, orientation, or the relationship between these two characteristics. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

7. FIGURE 10.7. A 100-foot buffer around a point representing a well produces a vector area or field (left); buffered zone of land use around the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Airport (right). From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.

8. FIGURE 10.8. Overlay transforms by combining two (or more) data sets based on the location of features in a coordinate system. From A Primer of GIS, 2nd edition, by Francis Harvey. Copyright 2016 by The Guilford Press.