1. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing Keith A. Pray Instructor socialimps.keithpray.net CLASS 14 LAST DAY © 2015 Keith A. Pray

2. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing OVERVIEW 1. Course Evaluations 2. Students Present 3. Students’ Choice © 2015 Keith A. Pray2

3. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing EVALUATIONS Use only BLUE or BLACK ballpoint pen Use an X to mark (Do NOT fill in box) Course Evaluation – Write MY NAME and COURSE TITLE in box at top of form – Keith A. Pray – CS 3043 Social Implications Of Information Processing – Return to Academic Advising Office in Daniels Hall – Include “Evaluation Sheet” cover letter TA/SA Evaluation – Name: Anthony (Joey) Ruffa – Return to CS Department: Fuller 233 © 2015 Keith A. Pray3

4. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing OVERVIEW 1. Course Evaluations 2. Students Present 3. Students’ Choice © 2015 Keith A. Pray4

5. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing A DEFINITION OF NET NEUTRALITY Net Neutrality: All packets that travel through the internet must be treated the same way by ISPs – Cannot be filtered by content, origin, or destination – Cannot be blocked – ISPs cannot prioritize packets (speed up service for some clients, slow it down for others) © 2015 Keith A. Pray5 Jacob Watson Source: technobiolgi.st [5]

6. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing ISPS ARE STRUGGLING TO HANDLE INTERNET TRAFFIC © 2015 Keith A. Pray6 Certain content providers are creating much more network traffic ISPs are struggling to keep up with these demands Source: phonearena.com [6] Jacob Watson

7. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing ISPS ARE LOOKING FOR A NEW SOURCE OF INCOME 7 Access ISPs mainly rely on subscribers for income Content providers use bandwidth on access ISPs, but only pay the backbone ISPs ISPs are looking to switch to non- neutral service models © 2015 Keith A. Pray Source: els-cdn.com [7] Jacob Watson

8. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing SUGGESTED SERVICE MODELS © 2015 Keith A. Pray8 User Tiering Counter heavy usage on the subscriber side Offer different levels of service to subscribers Subscribers who want more access pay extra, those who want basic access pay a smaller fee Termination Fee Model Counter heavy usage on the content provider side Access ISPs charge content providers a termination fee for using their networks If a content provider doesn’t pay, they can’t use that ISP’s network Content Provider Tiering Builds off of the Termination Fee Model and User Tiering Model Content providers can use a basic service through the access ISP, or pay for more bandwidth/priority connection Jacob Watson

9. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing NET NEUTRALITY COULD PREVENT ISP ABUSE The blocking of certain content providers could threaten freedom of speech Content provider tiering could “shut out” smaller companies from the internet Forcing content providers to pay access ISPs could raise prices for subscribers © 2015 Keith A. Pray9 Source: Berkeley.edu [1] Jacob Watson

10. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing ISPS CAN ABUSE TRAFFIC SHAPING ISPs could prioritize affiliated content or degrade rival’s content – ISPs that provide their own content could slow down/block the traffic of their rivals – In 2005, Madison River Communications blocked VoIP traffic to promote their telephone service ISPs could degrade traffic that they see as undesirable – Services that are costly to the ISP could be slowed down or blocked – In 2008, Comcast slowed down/blocked BitTorrent traffic © 2015 Keith A. Pray10 Source: edegar-online.com [7] Source: downdetector.com [8] Jacob Watson

11. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing NET NEUTRALITY IS THE BETTER POLICY Net Neutrality – Web content can’t be censored (+) – ISPs can’t control how subscribers use the web (+) – All content is given the same priority/availability (+) – ISPs may struggle to provide quality service (-) – ISPs may struggle financially (-) Non Neutral Service Models – ISPs can use traffic shaping to control quality (+) – ISP’s financial situations could improve (+) – ISPs could abuse traffic shaping (-) – Content providers/small businesses could suffer (-) – ISPs could censor web content (-) – ISPs could control what services are available (-) © 2015 Keith A. Pray11 Jacob Watson

12. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing REFERENCES [1]University of California, “Network Neutrality”, https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~raylin/tieredinternet.html, (10/13/2015)https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~raylin/tieredinternet.html [2]Kramer, Jan et al., “Net neutrality: A progress report”, http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0308596112001450/1-s2.0-S0308596112001450- main.pdf?_tid=60c09ea2-6d08-11e5-975d-00000aab0f27&acdnat=1444232025_f03fe95671ea2f0b2bdba3bced9f7c46, (10/13/2015)http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0308596112001450/1-s2.0-S0308596112001450- main.pdf?_tid=60c09ea2-6d08-11e5-975d-00000aab0f27&acdnat=1444232025_f03fe95671ea2f0b2bdba3bced9f7c46 [3] FCC, “Policy Issues in Data Caps and Usage-Based Pricing”, https://transition.fcc.gov/cgb/oiac/Economic-Impacts.pdf, (10/13/2015)https://transition.fcc.gov/cgb/oiac/Economic-Impacts.pdf [4]Ehrich, Ev, “A Brief History of Internet Regulation”, http://www.progressivepolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014.03- Ehrlich_A-Brief-History-of-Internet-Regulation1.pdf, (10/13/2015)http://www.progressivepolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2014.03- Ehrlich_A-Brief-History-of-Internet-Regulation1.pdf [5] technobiologi.st, “NetNeutrality_logo”, http://technobiologi.st/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/NetNeutrality_logo.png, (10/13/2015) http://technobiologi.st/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/NetNeutrality_logo.png [6] phonearena.com, “traffic jammers”, http://www.phonearena.com/image.php?m=Articles.Images&f=name&id=171727&popup=1, (10/13/2015) http://www.phonearena.com/image.php?m=Articles.Images&f=name&id=171727&popup=1 [7] edgar_online.com, “0001193125-05-018769_G59587G26G14.JPG”, http://content.edgar-online.com/edgar_conv_img/2005/02/03/0001193125-05-018769_G59587G26G14.JPG, (10/13/2015)http://content.edgar-online.com/edgar_conv_img/2005/02/03/0001193125-05-018769_G59587G26G14.JPG [8] downdectector.com, “Comcast_logo_2012.png”, https://downdetector.com/i/logo/Comcast_logo_2012.png, (10/13/2015)https://downdetector.com/i/logo/Comcast_logo_2012.png © 2015 Keith A. Pray12 Jacob Watson

13. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing STUDENTS’ CHOICE Discuss which section of the book/class topic we think will be most relevant in the coming years. © 2015 Keith A. Pray13

14. CS 3043 Social Implications Of Computing Keith A. Pray Instructor socialimps.keithpray.net CLASS 14 THE END © 2015 Keith A. Pray