1. 1 AGS RSVP Review 4-5 November 2004 AGS RSVP Upgrades - Overview Philip Pile Collider-Accelerator Department 4 Nov 2004

2. 2 Outline RSVP Construction and Operations AGS RSVP Project organization RSVP Experiments oPhysics Goals and Beam Requirements oK0PI0 Issues oMECO Issues General Considerations AGS RSVP Upgrades - Overview

3. 3 Aerial view

4. 4 12:00 o’clock 2:00 o’clock 4:00 o’clock 6:00 o’clock 8:00 o’clock PHOBOS 10:00 o’clock BRAHMS & PP2PP (p) STAR (p) PHENIX (p) RHIC AGS LINAC BOOSTER TANDEMS NSRL (NASA)  g-2 RSVP (NSF) U-line Pol. Proton Source High Intensity Source Slow extraction Fast extraction AGS: Intensity: 7  10 13 protons/pulse Injector to RHIC: < 1 hour about every 4 hours AGS/RHIC Accelerator Complex

5. 5 Past AGS Review DOE Review of RSVP Activities at BNL, 27-28 Jan 2004 Principle charge to review impact of RSVP work on RHIC operations –Quote from findings: “In summary, the Committee concluded that the RSVP experiments will have minimal impact on the Nuclear Physics program at BNL. Plausible solutions exist for potential higher failure rates or longer repair times. The overall management structure of the project was found to be in the initial stages of development.”

6. 6 RSVP Operations Plan AGS Fixed target experiments are presently not supported concurrent with RHIC operations since HEP base support has terminated (FY03). AGS fixed target experiments are still supported but are scheduled to operate outside RHIC operations and only if this can be done with minimal impact to RHIC activities. Full operations costs are recovered. Two AGS experiments ran in this mode in FY2004 – K0PI0 (RSVP Experiment) and a US Atlas test The NSF plans to provide base support ($’s for personnel and materials) for AGS operations for the RSVP experiments. With this support, concurrent operation with RHIC is planned as well as limited running outside RHIC operations. Logistics of AGS fixed target operation with RHIC will be covered in another presentation (“RSVP Operations and D&D” - Pile)

7. 7 AGS floor changes, RSVP era  MECO will be situated in the A-line (7.5 GeV/c beam). K0PI0 will be situated in the B-line (25.5 GeV/c beam)  The AGS NASA Radiobiology experiment (A3 beam) will be relocated at RSVP expense.  The RHIC e-cooling R&D project will be situated in the North East Building Addition (C1/C5 beam area)  The D-line will be decommissioned.  Beam will be delivered to only one experiment at a time (no beam splits).

8. 8 V1,  Beam Line V-Target * * * * * * D-Target A-Target B-Target C-Target FY2006+ Experiments ~Firm Commitment Oct 04 RHIC Transfer Line U Line B5 – RSVP, K0PI0 E926, K L 0  0 (NSF  2005 construction start) A3 – RSVP, MECO E940,  N  eN (NSF  2005 construction start) B’ -Target AGS Experimental Area RHIC eCooling Test Facility (under construction) The Plan D-Line Decommissioned Switchyard simplified A,B,C Lines run as “OR’s” D-Line: Decommission FY2006-7 NASA Radiobiology

9. 9 Construction with RHIC Present situation – during RHIC injection oSwitchyard not accessible with beam in AGS oK0PI0 primary cave (B-line) accessible oMECO primary cave probably ok, fault study needed oAlmost decoupled from RHIC operations Plans oAGS extraction beam plug  Will allow access in switchyard and elsewhere in AGS SEB area oNew A-line (MECO) beam plug  Will allow beam in any other beam line  Will allow work on MECO primary beam from RF Kicker on oNew B-line (K0PI0) beam plug  Will allow beam in any other beam line  Will allow work on K0PI0 primary beam outside of switchyard oThis decouples RSVP construction from RHIC operations RSVP construction during RHIC operations

10. 10 Except for AGS modifications, RSVP construction will be independent of the RHIC operations state  NO IMPACT A combination of present C-AD personnel and new hires will be used for RSVP construction. If conflicts arise between RHIC and RSVP priorities for shared personnel, RHIC wins and RSVP issues have to be worked out to not impact RHIC  NO IMPACT RSVP Construction – Impact on RHIC

11. 11 Component activation during RSVP operations Same limits to lost beam power will be applied during RSVP operations –Accelerators remain maintainable “by hand” –K0PI0 proton throughput ( 20 Tp/s) is similar to previously achieved –MECO proton throughput ( 40 Tp/s) is ~ x2 previously achieved –RSVP integrated protons ~ x2 pre-RSVP era –“Cool-off” period of a few hours required to access activated areas for emergency repairs -> possible impact on RHIC. Partially offset by early detection of failed components. –Preventive replacement of strongly exposed components: Replace one or two Booster magnets every year as indicated by “High Pot” tests Replace extraction elements “once” during RSVP experiment A concern

12. 12 RSVP Project Organization JOINT OVERSIGHT GROUP NSF; DOE NP; DOE HEP; NSERC RSVP PROJECT DIRECTOR and DEPUTY W. Willis, J. Kotcher KOPIO WBS 1.2 M. Marx MECO WBS 1.3 M. Hebert 1.4.2 Switchyard A. Pendzick 1.4.3 K0PI0 C. Pearson 1.4.4 MECO D. Phillips 1.4.5 Project Office 1.4.1 AGS Booster K. Brown AGS WBS 1.4 P. Pile/A. Pendzick

13. 13 AGS Infrastructure Costs (fully burdened) * includes Personnel, M&S, DTS and Power Costs, assumes Jan 04 plan, FY06-FY10 running with RHIC

14. 14 AGS/Booster – WBS 1.4.1 Four parts to this –AGS/Booster legacy repairs and high intensity upgrades ($11.5M Direct) Not part of the original RSVP cost estimate Result of internal analysis since the Jan 04 DOE Review Environmental requirement - Radiation Caps on AGS and Booster is largest piece ($3.6M Direct) –MECO Specific Modifications ($0.9M Direct) Was in MECO Experiment WBS prior to July 2004 –K0PI0 Specific Modifications ($3.9M Direct) Was in K0PI0 Experiment WBS prior to July 2004 –AGS beam development Originally in NSF pre-ops budget area (not part of construction budget)

15. 15 Switchyard – WBS 1.4.2 New to the RSVP Project ($3.7M Direct) Existing switchyard not in condition to support high intensity operation for RSVP experiments Simplification/Modernization planned –Beam plugs to decouple construction work from beam development –Replace obsolete equipment –Minimize beam loss –Achromatic beam tunes to target stations No beam servoing No ramped magnets –No beam splitters No beam sharing No Lambertson magnets –Less instrumentation needed –Less maintenance

16. 16 K0PI0 – WBS 1.4.3 ($7.0M Direct) Prior to July 2004, managed by the K0PI0 experiment Primary Beam up to and including target station Neutral Beam Experimental area Project support and integration

17. 17 MECO – WBS 1.4.4 ($7.6M Direct) Prior to July 2004, managed by the MECO experiment Primary Beam up to and including target station Superconducting Solenoid and refrigeration infrastructure (support role) Experimental area Project support and integration

18. 18 AGS Project Office – WBS 1.4.5 ($1.1M Direct) New to the RSVP Project as a result of July 2004 NSF-DOE MOU Overall schedule and integration Fiscal Reporting

19. January 27, 2004J. Sculli19 RSVP Participants Scientific Collaborations – US Collaborators – Arizona State University Boston University Brookhaven National Laboratory University of California, Irvine University of California, Berkeley University of Cincinnati University of Houston University of Massachusetts, Amherst Stony Brook University University of New Mexico New York University University of Pennsylvania Syracuse University Thomas Jefferson National Accel Facility University of Virginia Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University College of William and Mary Yale University International Collaborators – Canada Italy Japan Russia Switzerland Sponsoring agency – National Science Foundation, Division of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, MREFC Program. Host Laboratory – Brookhaven National Laboratory, Operated by Brookhaven Science Associates for the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Nuclear Physics

20. 20 RSVP Physics KOPIO- Measurement of K L   0 Uniquely determines J CP, the fundamental parameter of SM CP-violation, with ~2% precision Single event sensitivity <1x10 -12 (SM predicts 3 x 10 -11 ) 10 5 improvement over previous experiments MECO – Search for  - N  e - N Not allowed in SM, allowed in SUSY models at 10 -15 level Single event sensitivity <2x10 -17 (present limit 6x10 -13 ) _

21. 21 K0PI0 Experiment

22. 22 K0PI0 Floor Layout B-Target K0PI0 K 0 L   0

23. 23 MECO - Fatures

24. 24 MECO floor layout A-Target MECO Experiment 8 GeV/c Beam RF Kicker

25. 25 Summary RSVP Beam Requirements KOPIO: 100  10 12 ppp; 5.3 s cycle; extraction @ 25.5 GeV/c [20  10 12 p/s ] –Proton throughput (p/s) achieved –AGS injection energy upgrade to 2 GeV and Booster injection improvements to reach 100  10 12 ppp (R&D) Slow extraction with micro-bunching (<300ps (  ) every 40 ns) –Extraction with high frequency cavity (25 MHz, 100 MHz) (R&D) < 250 ps every 10 ns demonstrated (FY02 test); no change in losses –Extinction of 10 -3 (R&D), ~8x10 -6 demonstrated using 4.5 MHz cavity – FY04 MECO: 40  10 12 ppp; 1 s cycle; extraction @ 7.5 GeV/c [40  10 12 p/s ] –No transition losses and reduced AGS injection losses (R&D) Slow extraction of 2 bunches with 10 -9 extinction during 1.35  s gap. –h=2 Booster operation; achieved 22  10 12 protons per Booster cycle –Two Booster cycles per AGS cycle –Bunch merging to 2 bunches or develop h=1 Booster ops. (R&D) –Gap cleaning with resonant transverse kicker plus RF kicker in beam line (R&D) –< 1x10-7 extinction achieved at 7.4 GeV/c with one low intensity AGS bucket filled, FY98 test

26. 26 93 MHz cavity at 22 kV gave  = 240 ps. Microbunch time, in ns 93 MHz cavity at 22 kV gave  = 217 ps. Microbunch time, in ns Data Simulation 2002 test beam result K0PI0 Test Beam Result – Microbunch width

27. 27 4.5 MHz cavity at 130 kV gave  = 8 (+/- 6) x 10 -6 Microbunch time, in ns Data Simulation 4.5 MHz cavity at 130 kV gave  = 1.7 (+/- 0.9) x 10 -3. 2004 Test Beam ResultSimulation Interbunch events Interbunch events K0PI0 Test Beam result – Interbunch Extinction

28. 28 Extinction Test

29. 29 Summary AGS modifications K0PI0 (intensity, bunch width and extinction) Partially funded through Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) –Additional section for new A10 AGS injection kicker –Upgraded pulse forming network for Booster extraction kicker –25/100 MHz micro-bunching cavities MECO (extinction) –Upgraded AGS AC dipole (CW operation) –AGS Strip-line kickers (100 ns) and associated electronics and power amplifiers –External beam line RF Modulated Magnet/Lambertson dipoles/small cross section target

30. 30 More Details See: K0PI0 (Sivertz) and MECO (Hebert) supplemental information on the web at http://server.c-ad.bnl.gov/esfd/RSVP/November2004/rsvp-presentations.htm And “AGS/Booster/Switchyard Modifications and RSVP Beam Implementation” – Brown, later this morning

31. 31 Comments With planned AGS/Booster upgrades, RSVP should operate with full intensity with minimal risk to RHIC operations With planned Switchyard reconfiguration, RSVP experiments will be decoupled from each other and RHIC operations and should not experience significant down time due to Switchyard component failure The C-AD staff stand ready to accommodate the needs of both K0PI0 and MECO

32. 32 Supplemental Information

33. 33 AGS Floor – RSVP Experiments Switchyard

34. 34 K0PI0, Master Milestone Schedule (assumes a FY2006 MRE construction start)

35. 35 MECO Milestones MECO Major Milestone Schedule (Assumes an FY2005 MRE Construction Start)

36. 36 AGS Switchyard - Present

37. 37 RSVP Era Switchyard

38. 38 K0PI0 Neut Beam K0PI0 Neutral Beam Line Dipole Sweeper Magnets Collimators B-Target

39. 39 MECO Future Home A3 (future MECO) Beam Line – beam left 2004 Muon collider target test facility NASA Radiobiology Remains of E865 Beam Left Side

40. 40 MECO Future Home A3 (future MECO) Beam Line – beam right 2004 Beam Right Side

41. 41 K0PI0 Future Home B5 (future K0PI0) Beam Line 2004 SNS Test Facility E871 Condo