1. A War Fought on Two Fronts (Ch. 13, Sec. 2) – Part 1 1. Germany’s Plan for Attack in WWI 2. Germany Attacks the Western Front 3. Fighting Turns Into Bloody Stalemate

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3. How did Germany plan to avoid fighting on two fronts? The Central Powers faced enemies on both their eastern borders & western borders The Central Powers fought France, Britain, & Italy on Western Front and Russia on Eastern Front Germany’s attack plan for the war was called the Schlieffen Plan Germany would first attack France through Belgium (neutral) & knock them out of the war Then they could turn their entire army loose on the Russians in the East

5. What happened when Germany attacked the Western Front? Germany won many early battles, and pushed to within 40 miles of Paris However, France & Britain were victorious at the First Battle of the Marne (stopping the German advance) Germany soon realized there would be no quick & easy victory on the Western Front Both sides settled in and began fortifying the ground they controlled

6. What became of the fighting on the Western Front? Both sides built trench systems (600 miles of trenches) as protection from modern weapons The Western Front became bloody stalemate as neither side could dislodge the enemy Soldiers had to fight in horrible conditions, while facing modern weapons & poison gas Battle of Verdun, Battle of Somme, & Battle of Ypres cost millions of lives, with little gained and no real victor

8. A War Fought on Two Fronts (Ch. 13, Sec. 2) – Part 2 1. Germany Attacks the Eastern Front 2. Germany Controls Fighting in East 3. Results of Early Fighting in WWI

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10. What happened when Germany attacked the Eastern Front? Russia and Serbia fought Central Powers on Eastern Front (led by Germany) Germany scored many victories in the East over the poorly equipped Russian army Germany defeated Russia at the Battle of Tannenberg, then took Poland & Romania Czar Nicholas and Russia continued to pour millions of men into the war in an effort to halt the German advance

12. Who controlled the fighting on the Eastern Front? Germany had a distinct advantage over Russia with their modern weapons and technology The one advantage Russia did have was in the number of soldiers they could put into action Despite heavy losses, Czar Nicholas sent millions of young Russians to their deaths This allowed Russia to keep Germany tied up on Eastern Front, which deprived them of a full-scale attack in the West

13. What were the results of the early fighting in WWI? Eastern Front: battered Russian army (supplied by enormous population) managed to hold off Germany & Austria-Hungary (Allies regrouped) Western Front: quick victories in early fighting put Germany just outside of Paris, but Allies held at Marne River Germany had hoped for quick victory in West, but was forced to split its forces & fight the war on two fronts (trench war in the West)