2. Electron Orbitals

4. A. The electron cloud consists of a complex arrangement of __________ within a series of main energy _______ and energy ___________. orbitals levels sublevels Electron Orbitals

5. 1. Erwin _______________ used the hypothesis that electrons have a dual wave- particle nature to develop wave ____________ to describe electrons. The solutions to these equations describe __________. Schrödinger equations orbitals

6. 2. __________, which are three- dimensional regions around the nucleus that indicate the probable location of the electron. orbitals Electron Orbitals

7. a. A maximum of _____ electrons can fit in a single orbital. two Electron Orbitals

8. 3. Main energy levels indicate the general amount of _________ and __________ from the nucleus a given electron in an orbital possesses. energy distance Electron Orbitals

10. a. Each _____, or period, on the periodic table indicates a main energy level and the maximum number of electrons that can occupy that energy level. row Electron Orbitals

11. H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Be Mg CaScTiVCr Mn FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr ClArS Sr Ba Ra Y La Ac Zr Hf Rf Nb Ta Db Mo W Sg Tc Re Bh Ru Os Hs Rh Ir Mt Pd Pt Uun Ag Au Uuu Cd Hg Uub In Tl Sn Pb Uuq Sb F BiPo Uuh I At Xe Rn Uuo PSiAl Ne Te ONCB He CePrNd Pm SmEuGdTbDyHoEr Tm YbLu ThPaUNpPu AmCm BkCfEs FmMd NoLr The Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

12. How many main energy levels does an atom of fluorine have? 2

13. In which main energy level will an electron have the greatest amount of energy? A.1 st Energy Level B.2 nd Energy Level C.3 rd Energy Level D. 4 th Energy Level

14. In which main energy level will an electron be the furthest from the nucleus? A)1 st Energy Level B)2 nd Energy Level C)3 rd Energy Level D)4 th Energy Level

15. How many main energy levels does an atom of calcium have? 4

16. How many total electrons can fit in the second main energy level? 8

17. 4. Energy sublevels indicate the different ________ of orbitals that exist within the same main energy level and these different shapes of electron orbitals are indicated by _________.. shapes letters Electron Orbitals

18. a. The s orbitals have a ___________ shape and there is only _____ s orbital in any given main energy level and correspond to the first two columns on the periodic table. one Spherical Electron Orbitals

20. H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Be Mg CaScTiVCr Mn FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr ClArS Sr Ba Ra Y La Ac Zr Hf Rf Nb Ta Db Mo W Sg Tc Re Bh Ru Os Hs Rh Ir Mt Pd Pt Uun Ag Au Uuu Cd Hg Uub In Tl Sn Pb Uuq Sb F BiPo Uuh I At Xe Rn Uuo PSiAl Ne Te ONCB He CePrNd Pm SmEuGdTbDyHoEr Tm YbLu ThPaUNpPu AmCm BkCfEs FmMd NoLr The Periodic Table 1 2

21. b. The p orbitals resemble ____________ and there are a maximum of _______ p orbitals in any given main energy level and correspond to the last six columns on the periodic table. three Dumbbells Electron Orbitals

23. H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Be Mg CaScTiVCr Mn FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr ClArS Sr Ba Ra Y La Ac Zr Hf Rf Nb Ta Db Mo W Sg Tc Re Bh Ru Os Hs Rh Ir Mt Pd Pt Uun Ag Au Uuu Cd Hg Uub In Tl Sn Pb Uuq Sb F BiPo Uuh I At Xe Rn Uuo PSiAl Ne Te ONCB He CePrNd Pm SmEuGdTbDyHoEr Tm YbLu ThPaUNpPu AmCm BkCfEs FmMd NoLr The Periodic Table 14151617 18 13

25. c. The d orbitals often resemble __________ and there are _____ d orbitals in any given main energy and correspond to the transition elements on the periodic table. fiveclovers Electron Orbitals

27. H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Be Mg CaScTiVCr Mn FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr ClArS Sr Ba Ra Y La Ac Zr Hf Rf Nb Ta Db Mo W Sg Tc Re Bh Ru Os Hs Rh Ir Mt Pd Pt Uun Ag Au Uuu Cd Hg Uub In Tl Sn Pb Uuq Sb F BiPo Uuh I At Xe Rn Uuo PSiAl Ne Te ONCB He CePrNd Pm SmEuGdTbDyHoEr Tm YbLu ThPaUNpPu AmCm BkCfEs FmMd NoLr The Periodic Table 3567891011124

28. d. Orbitals with higher energy than the d orbitals are labeled f, g…and so on in alphabetical order, but their shapes are __________ to represent. difficult Electron Orbitals

30. How many p orbitals can exist in a given energy level? 3

31. What shape do the p orbitals form? Aspherical Bdumbbell Cclover Dtoo difficult to describe

32. What shape do the d orbitals form? ) Aspherical Bdumbbell Cclover Dtoo difficult to describe

33. How many s orbitals can exist in a given energy level? 1

34. How many electrons can exist in the p orbitals in a given energy level? 6

35. 5. The electrons in the outermost energy level, or __________ level, are integral in determining how the atom will react chemically. valence Electron Orbitals

36. a. The ________ number (column) will help you determine how many valence electrons an atom has. group Electron Orbitals

37. H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Be Mg CaScTiVCr Mn FeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr ClArS Sr Ba Ra Y La Ac Zr Hf Rf Nb Ta Db Mo W Sg Tc Re Bh Ru Os Hs Rh Ir Mt Pd Pt Uun Ag Au Uuu Cd Hg Uub In Tl Sn Pb Uuq Sb F BiPo Uuh I At Xe Rn Uuo PSiAl Ne Te ONCB He CePrNd Pm SmEuGdTbDyHoEr Tm YbLu ThPaUNpPu AmCm BkCfEs FmMd NoLr The Periodic Table

38. How many valence electrons does an atom of magnesium have? 2

39. How many valence electrons does an atom of chlorine have? 7 Q#12