1. Cell Transport Study Guide Key
Chapter 7 Section 3

2. What two Factors can affect the rate of diffusion?
Temperature
Pressure

3. What are the three types of proteins found in the cell membrane?
Markers
Receptors
Transport Channels

4. Name and define the 3 types of passive transport.
Diffusion
The movement of particles through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Osmosis
The movement of water through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Facilitated diffusion
The movement of particles through a protein channel from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

5. Name and define the 3 types of active transport.
Protein channel
When molecules move through a protein channel from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
Endocytosis
When the cell membrane uses vesicles to bring solids and liquids INTO the cell
Exocytosis
When the cell membrane uses vesicles to bring wastes OUT of the cell

6. Fill in the blanks.
Passive transport is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Active transport needs ATP (energy) in order to function because molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

7. Give an example for the following terms:
Diffusion – sugar melting in coffee, food coloring dispersing in water
Osmosis – plant cells absorbing water into their central vacuoles
Active Transport (protein type) – Sodium Potassium Pump
Facilitated Diffusion – sugar molecule going through a protein channel from high to low concentration

8. Name and define the two types of endocytosis.
Phagocytosis
Particle or solid ingestion through vesicles (similar to eating)
Pinocytosis
Liquid ingestion through vesicles (similar to drinking)

9. Fill in the table below Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Definition
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Definition
 Higher concentration of solute in a solution
Equal concentration of solute in solution
Lower concentration of solute in solution
Example
Salt water
Saline
Distilled water
What happens to cell
Shrink
Remain same size
Swell – may burst!

10. What are the 4 steps of the Na/k pump & what is necessary for this process?
Step 1: 3 Na+ ions bind to carrier protein
Step 2: ATP binds to carrier protein and changes shape allowing Na+ to move out of the cell
Step 3: 2 K+ ions move into carrier protein
Step 4: ATP binds to carrier protein and changes shape allowing K+ to move into the cell
ATP is necessary for this process to occur.

11. Why would doctors inject saline solution into your veins instead of just water if you were dehydrated?
Doctors inject saline solution into your veins instead of just water because saline solution is isotonic and will not change the size of the cells.
If pure water was injected into your veins, your blood cells would be surrounded by a hypotonic solution and would swell and possibly burst.