2. I will not do anything to adapt to school next year as a freshman. A. A. Strongly agree B. B. Simply agree C. C. Strongly disagree D. D. Simply disagree Write the statement and answer. Justify your answer Bellwork 11/6/2014

3. State Performance Indicator: SPI 0807.5.2 - Analyze structural, behavioral, and physiological adaptations to predict which populations are likely to survive in a particular environment SPI 0807.5.2 - Analyze structural, behavioral, and physiological adaptations to predict which populations are likely to survive in a particular environment SPI 0807.5.3 - Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions. SPI 0807.5.3 - Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions.TOC: 24. Adaptation and Survival Notes 25. Adaptation Model Lab Objectives

4. An adaptation is a characteristic that improves an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

5. Three types of adaptations that help organisms survive are structural, behavioral, and physiological. Some examples of these adaptations are:

6. 1. Obtaining Food Almost all organisms have adaptations to help them obtain food. Examples: Chameleon – long tongue Woodpecker – pointed beak Human – hands and fingers

7. Many organisms have adaptations that serve as a defense against predators.

8. One common adaptation that helps predators and prey is called camouflage. camouflage.camouflage. An organism that is camouflaged is disguised so that it is hard to see even when the organism is in view.

9. With your group think of two animals that use camouflage to protect themselves from predators. Analyze how their camouflage protects them? You have 45 seconds

10. Two species can acquire adaptations because of their interaction with one another. Interactions take place between organisms that live close together.

11. hibernaton. A period of inactivity and decreased body temperature that some animals experience in the winter is hibernaton. estivation. Many desert squirrels and mice experience a similar internal slowdown in the hottest part of the summer which is called estivation.

12. travel food, water, safe To migrate is to travel from one place to another. Animals migrate to find food, water, or safe nesting grounds.

13. The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do. There are four parts that make up natural selection. They include:

14. more offspring are born than will live to become adults.

15. Individuals in a population differ from one another. Some characteristics improve chances while others lower chances for survival.

16. Many individuals die from lack of resources. Others are killed by predators or cannot find mates to reproduce. The ones who find resources, survive!

17. This is the key to natural selection. The strong survive, while the weak die early or have few strong offspring.

18. SPI 0807.5.2 Adaptation SPI 0807.5.3 Variation 4 Phases of Natural Selection Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Pg. 87

19. Genetic Variation In natural selection, individuals within the population must be different. Over time, the population will be made up of more individuals with characteristics that help them survive.

20. If a population decreases rapidly, the characteristics of the individuals are reduced. This is called a genetic bottleneck.

21. What is happening in this diagram? What type of organism would make it to this side?

22. Many characteristics may be lost entirely because the individuals with those characteristics died. As the population recovers, organisms are genetically similar causing genetic diseases to occur.

24. Since the beginning of life on Earth, species have had special characteristics called adaptations that have helped them survive changes in environmental conditions. Changes in a species’ environment include climate changes, habitat destruction, or the extinction of prey. These changes can cause a species to die out unless the species has a characteristic that helps it survive. For example, a species of bird may have an adaptation for eating sunflower seeds and ants. If the ant population dies out, the bird can still eat seeds and can therefore survive. In this activity, you will explore several adaptations and design an organism with adaptations you choose. Then, you will describe how these adaptations help the organism survive.

25. 1.SPI 0807.5.2 (Adaptations) Source: 2009 TDOE Practice Test Questions (Number 11) The Arctic environment has temperatures that range between - 22 C and 6C with snow covering some of the area. Which adaptation would most likely help a population of organisms survive this environment? A. Green feathers and webbed feet B. Large shell and leathery skin. C. Long necks and tall legs. D. Light colored fur and layers of blubber.

26. 1. Adaptations- anything that helps an organism survive in its environment. 2. Structural adaptations – adaptations that involve some part of an organism’s body, such as teeth, body coverings, or movement. 3. Behavioral adaptations – adaptations that include activities that help an animal survive. 4. Physiological adaptations – internal body makeup allowing for survival

27. 1.______Insects have a very light external skeleton, called an exoskeleton, to support and protect their body. 2.______Some mammals have special light receptive cells that can see in color. 3.______Cows have five stomachs to hold the grass longer to aid digestion of grass. 4.______Plants have green chlorophyll; a chemical that is used in photosynthesis. 5.______ Limpets can move onto the underside of rocks at low tide.

28. 6. ______Polar bears have thick white fur so they are hard to see on the ice. 7. ______ Deer can run fast. 8. ______ Plants have leaves that are thin, flat structures to absorb light. 9. ______ Snails have a shell that they retreat into when it is dry. 10. _____ Dogs pant to help lose heat.

29. 11. _____Hedge-hogs have spines on their backs to protect them 12. ______ Seaweeds have a brown chemical that helps absorb light from underwater. 13. ______ Kiwis have a long beak to dig in the earth for food. 14. ______ Hedge-hogs make themselves into a ball when they sense danger. 15. ______ Cats can sit really still at times when they are stalking a bird.

30. 16.______ Polar pear’s blubber allow it to stay warm in frigid temperatures. 17. _____ Snake scales aid in the heat and dryness of the dessert which keeps water from escaping through its skin 18._____ Penguins build nest out of rocks. 19. _____ Grizzly bears hibernate during the winter because of the shortage of food supply. 20. _____ Whales, salmon, and geese will migrate elsewhere when the seasons change.