1. EDUCAUSE 2003 Copyright Toshiyuki Urata 2003 This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author.

2. EDUCAUSE 2003 Developing Adaptive Tutorial Courseware to Support Students in Distance Education Toshiyuki Urata, Ed.D Instructional Development & Support University of Kansas

3. EDUCAUSE 2003 Background Instructional Development & Support (IDS) mainly support faculty members. IDS takes care of media classroom and Blackboard course management system. KU started using Blackboard in fall, 2000. As the number of Blackboard courses increases in KU, the demand on support for students has been increased as well as one for faculty.

4. EDUCAUSE 2003 Increasing the number of Blackboard courses

5. EDUCAUSE 2003 Justification Supporting students helps reducing faculty members teaching load and save their time. According to the literature both faculty members and students need support.

6. EDUCAUSE 2003 Current problems Who supports students who need to know how to interact Blackboard? Various supports are available, but there is no instructional material to learn about Blackboard except online manual. Although target population of IDS is staff and faculty members, students are asking for help.

7. EDUCAUSE 2003 How to support students to learn about Blackboard Diversify student’s support in addition to phone and email Add self learning material such as online help and tutorial

8. EDUCAUSE 2003 The survey for student’s need What type of difficulty do they have? How is their technology environment? How do they want to learn about Blackboard? Do they get sufficient orientation from their instructor?

9. EDUCAUSE 2003 Learning tools for students Printed handout Online help to assist login process Tutorial on the Web site

10. EDUCAUSE 2003 Uniqueness of the tutorial Adaptive to student’s characteristics Integrated learning strategies

11. EDUCAUSE 2003 Some examples of student’s characteristics Aptitude Prior knowledge and experience Cognitive style Personality characteristics

12. EDUCAUSE 2003 Selected variables for the tutorial Prior technology knowledge and computer experience assessed by pretest Personal characteristics such as computer anxiety assessed by pretest

13. EDUCAUSE 2003 Integrated learning strategies embedded in tutorial Summarizing in their own words Writing down key ideas Drawing outlines

14. EDUCAUSE 2003 Procedure to create adaptive tutorial Task analysis of the content Determine how to adapt instruction based on selected variables Incorporate embedded learning strategies Build prototype using authoring courseware such as Lectora

15. EDUCAUSE 2003 Content of the tutorial How to seek the information through the Web How to participate online discussion How to exchange email How to handling the file such as downloading and opening

16. EDUCAUSE 2003 Field text: how does adaptive tutorial help students’ learning? Adaptive tutorial vs. non adaptive tutorial More performance (Pre-post test score) Motivating (Descriptive data) Time saving (Less learning time)

17. EDUCAUSE 2003 Development of the tutorial Based on the finding of experiment tutorial will be developed. The tutorial will be posted on the IDS web site for student’s use.