1. I’m Stronger Than a Text A Workshop on Reading Comprehension Skills Worksheet

2. Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 1( )1 Question: 1 Find: good memories = better memories Text: genes Answer: parents 1) It can be inferred that, most probably people will have good memories if ---------. 1- they are taller than others 2- their parents have good memories 3- they practice to remember things 4- they develop good speaking abilities

3. Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 2) We understand from the passage that when we are excited or frightened ---------. 1- our brain is repressed 2- our bodies produce adrenaline 3- we feel inadequate and painful 4- we lose our memory more readily 2( )2 Question: 2 Find: excited or frightened = exciting or frighteninng Text: adrenaline Answer: adrenaline

4. Question: 3 Find: past events Text: essential Answer: necessary Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 3( )3 3) We forget some painful past events more readily because ---------. 1- pleasant incidents repress remembering them 2- the ability of our memory is limited in keeping them 3- it isn’t necessary for our mental and physical health 4- we don’t like to remember them when we are happy

5. Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 4( )4 4) According to the passage, it is not normal for people to ---------. 1- develop a good memory during childhood 2- remember much from before the age of three 3- have access to what they learned before 4- remember events associated with pain and anxiety Question: 4 Find: not normal = unusual Text: before the age of three Answer: before the age of three

6. Question: 5 Find: the first theory Text: fades…exposed to the sun Answer: the passage of time Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 5( )5 5) According to the first theory of forgetting, ------------, makes our brain weaker in having access to old memories. 1- the passage of time 2- being exposed to the sun 3- the learning of something once 4- the knowledge of new memories

7. Some theories argue that people have no memory before they can speak, although more recent studies suggest that memory may actually begin before birth. At any rate, it seems that you are unusual if you can remember much from before the age of three. And if you are one of those people who never go on to develop a good memory, there is no need to feel inadequate. Our capacity for memory is determined by our genes, so some people have better memories than others just as some people are taller than others. Memory is also affected by factors other than personal ability. We recall an exciting or frightening day more vividly than we do an average day because chemicals like adrenaline increase the strength of memory. At the same time, events associated with pain and anxiety are repressed and forgotten more readily than pleasant incidents. This is because forgetting some past events can be as essential to our survival as remembering others. Some theorists say that once something is learnt it’s never forgotten, but remains in the brain. The reason we cannot remember something is a problem of access. There are two traditional theories of forgetting. One argues that a memory simply fades rather like ink exposed to the sun. The other claims that subsequent learning interfaces with an exciting memory. Now it is thought that to some extent both these processes occur. However, research shows that the probability of remembering something depends on how often it has been called to maid and reinforced. 6( )6 6) The writer indicates that we can easily remember those events which ------------. 1- interfere with existing memories later 2- have been called to mind several times before 3- are associated with an existing memory 4- are reinforced by factors other than personal ability Question: 6 Find: remember = remembering Text: how often Answer: several times