1. VERTEBRATES (CORDATES): (1 phylum)
THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS: 1. 2. 3.
NINE ANIMAL PHYLA
INVERTEBRATES:
VERTEBRATES (CORDATES): (1 phylum)
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
CAPABILITY OF LOCOMOTION
MUST INJEST FOOD
(8 PHYLA)
ALL LACK INTERNAL SKELETON, SOME HAVE EXOSKELTON OR SHELL
INTERNAL SKELETON MADE OF BONE/ CARTILAGE

2. 1. PORIFERA:
SIMPLEST ANIMALS
NO TISSUE LAYERS
EXAMPLES: SPONGES

3. 2. CNIDARIA HOLLOW BODY HAVE STINGING CELLS
TWO BODY FORMS MEDUSA & POLYP
EXAMPLES: CORAL, JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONE

4. 3. PLATYHELMINTHES: UNSEGMENTED WORMS FLAT WORMS
EXAMPLES: PLANARIA, FLUKE, TAPEWORM
UNSEGMENTED WORMS
FLAT WORMS

5. 4. NEMATODA UNSEGMENTED WORMS ROUND WORMS
EXAMPLES: HOOKWORMS, HEARTWORMS

6. 5. ANNELIDA SEGMENTED WORMS MOST ADVANCED WORMS
EXAMPLES: LEECH, EARTHWORMS

7. 6. ARTHROPODA SEGMENTED ANIMALS EXOSKELETONS MADE OF CHITIN
CLASS CRUSTACEAN - MARINE ORGANISMS
EXAMPLES: SHRIMP, LOBSTER, CRAB, BARNACLE

8. 7. MOLLUSCA SOME HAVE SHELL UNSEGMENTED, SOFT BODIES
EXAMPLES: SNAIL, SCALLOP

9. 8. ECHINODERMATA HAVE A DERMAL SKELETON WITH SPINES & PLATES
ONLY LIVE IN MARINE ENVIRONMENT
EXAMPLES: SEA URCHIN,
SEASTAR, BRITTLE STAR

10. 9. CHORDATA EXAMPLES: FISH, REPTILES, BIRDS, AMPHIBIANS, MAMMALS
HAVE INTERNAL SKELETON
BACKBONE TO PROTECT SPINAL CORD

12. Features Defining Characteristics Symmetry Level of complexity Brain
What makes that phylum special?
Symmetry
Bilateral, radial, or none
Level of complexity
Based on the Hierarchy of Biological Order
Brain
Brain or neural systems possessed by the phyla

13. Features Circulatory System Diet / Digestive Respiration Movement
How does “stuff” move around the body?
Diet / Digestive
How does it eat and digest food?
Respiration
Does it breathe?
Movement
Does it have feet? A tail? Is it stationary?

14. Porifera Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
Porous, aquatic, basic creatures
Symmetry:
Usually none
Complexity
No tissues – collections of cells
Brain
None.

15. Porifera Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement None. Filter feeder
Takes bits of nutrition from the water it absorbs
Respiration
No major system. Gaseous exchange through cell membranes.
Movement
Mostly stationary, or reliant on water

16. Examples

18. Cnidaria Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
Aquatic creatures with stinging cells and two body types (medusa and polyp)
Symmetry:
Radial
Complexity
Two simple tissue layers
Brain
Nervous system that controls basic movement and digestion

19. Cnidaria Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement Open system
Fluid is left to swirl around the innards
Diet
Predator
Eats and excretes through the same center opening
Most basic creature with a digestive gut
Respiration
Internal cavity also used for gas exchange
Movement
Use tentacle waves to move

20. Examples

21. Echinodermata and Mollusca

22. Arthropoda Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
Exoskeleton, jointed limbs, segmented bodies
Largest Phylum by diversity
Symmetry:
Bilateral
Complexity
Segmented bodies with organ systems
Brain
Full brains with nerve cords

23. Arthropoda Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement Open system
Fluid is left to swirl around the innards
Diet
Predator
Full digestive system
Respiration
“Book lungs” or gills
Movement
Have jointed appendages for movement

24. Examples

25. Annelida Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
Fully segmented body
Means that every segment is (nearly) identical to the one before or after
Symmetry:
Bilateral / Segments
Complexity
Segmented bodies with organ systems
Brain
Small “control centers” with nerves

26. Annelida Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement
Blood vessels with (occasionally) multiple hearts
Diet
Omnivores or detritivores
Respiration
Gills or breathe through skin
Movement
Some have feet, others extend and contract their body/muscles

27. Examples

28. Chordates Pick a subphyla: Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals
Write three sentences about what sets your subphyla apart from the others. What is special about yours? Is it more or less advanced than the others?

29. Platyhelminthes Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
Mostly flattened, with no body cavity, and are usually parasitic
Symmetry:
Bilateral
Complexity
Very basic organ systems
Brain
No “brain” but a nerve cord that branches throughout the body

30. Platyhelminthes Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement None
Predators that eat smaller organisms
Mouth is used for eating and excreting
Respiration
No respiratory system.
Movement
Movement achieved by wiggling their body in aquatic environments

31. Examples

32. Nematoda Defining characteristics: Symmetry: Complexity Brain
2nd most diverse by species
Worm like, with a full body cavity and full digestive system
Symmetry:
Bilateral
Complexity
Organ systems
Brain
Circular ring of nerves for brain

33. Nematoda Circulatory Diet Respiration Movement
None – Transfer by diffusion
Diet
Most basic phylum with a full digestive system
Respiration
“Breathes” through skin
Movement
Movement achieved by wiggling their body in aquatic environments

34. Examples