3. Prepared by Kamal Hosny 11367 Maged Osama 11377

4. under supervision of Prof./Sherein Saeid

5. pulpy kidney

6. Definition Pulpy kidney (enterotoxaemia) is a a common, per acute and usually fatal enterotoximic disease of sheep, goats and cattle. It occurs in sheep when a bacterium (C.perfringens type D) that normally inhabits the animal’s intestines without causing problems begins to multiply and produce toxins.

7. the Epsilon toxin of C. perfringens type D Clostridium perfringens type D causes the highest number of sheep fatalities. It is a large, gram positive, anaerobic bacillus that is commensalises the gastrointestinal tract of most mammals cause

8. Per acute sudden death Acute salivation and coma Sub acute neurological signs Symptoms

9. Sudden change in diet (high CHO content ) Acidosis (good media for M.O multiplication) Secretion of Epsilon toxin Circulation of the toxin in the blood Endothelial injury Edema and hemorrhage in the brain and kidney Pathogenesis Pathogenesis

10.  Hemorrhage under the skin, heart and kidney  Straw colored fluid or jelly like clot in the pericardial sac Postmortem

11.  Small intestine tear easily and its content is creamy.  The kidney usually more dark and jelly like and decompose more rapidly than other organs.

12. o The lamb found dead with extended limbs and head thrown back o The carcass is decomposed rapidly in few hours. N.B

13. Kidney : Necrosis and degeneration of proximal convoluted tubules Microscopic

14. Brain : Brain edema and hemorrhage around the capillaries symmetric encephalomalacia