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Walk Down Civics Memory Lane: Navigating through the Legislative and Appropriations Process Prepared by the Council for Exceptional Children
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Words to Consider “One voice can change a room, and if it can change a room, it can change a city, and if it can change a city, it can change a state, and if it can change a state, then it can change a nation, and if it can change a nation, it can change the world.” - Barack Obama
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Civics 101: Why it’s important to be informed Knowing how the process works helps you: – Navigate your way through the system. – Helps you understand how to use your time most effectively. – Communicate effectively with members of Congress and their staff. – Better inform your network and makes you a better advocate.
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How the Legislative Process Works…
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How a Bill Becomes Law
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Photo of Democratic Amendments to ESEA House of Representatives, February 2012
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Getting to the President’s Desk… Measures must pass the House and Senate in identical form before being presented to the President.
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Getting to the President’s Desk …
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Your Signature, Please…
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The Budget Process During the year prior to the year in which the fiscal year begins April – JuneAgencies begin budget requests July – AugustOffice of Management and Budget provides guidance to agencies Early fallAgencies submit initial budget request to OMB Nov. – Dec.OMB, President review requests This is the first step in deciding program funding amounts
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The Budget Process(cont.) By first Monday in Feb.President submits budget to Congress February – SeptemberCongressional phase. By July 15President submits mid- session review to Congress October 1Fiscal year begins October – September OMB apportions funds to agencies
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The Budget Process(cont.) February – SeptemberCongressional phase. You Are Here!
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House Passes Budget Resolution Sets a total spending level (302a) Full Appropriations Committee Sets smaller spending levels 302(b) 12 Subcommittees Labor Health Human Services & Education (“Labor H”) Subcommittee decides amounts for specific programs
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Navigating through the Appropriations Process
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Let’s Work it Out… Sent to President
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Minibus??Omnibus?? Shutdown? Realistic Plans??? 2626
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Victory!! (Sort of …)
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Key Terms Fiscal Year: October 1 through September 30 Mandatory Spending: Spending (budget authority and outlays) controlled by laws other than annual appropriations acts. Discretionary Spending: Spending controlled by the annual appropriations acts Continuing Resolution: provides budget authority for Federal agencies and programs to continue in operation until the regular appropriations acts are enacted.
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Resources for this presentation: Congressional Deskbook 2005-2007 www.senate.gov www.house.gov
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