1. EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 10 Orbital-Scale Changes in Carbon Dioxide and Methane WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

5. Carbon Reservoir

6. Long Term Carbon Dioxide Changes

7. Measuring Changes in the Ocean Pump

8. Interglacial to Glacial Changes in Carbon Reservoirs

9. Glacial Transfers of Carbon 13 and Oxygen 16

12. Methane and Monsoons

14. EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 11 Orbital-Scale Interactions, Feedbacks, and Unsolved Problems WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

15. Ice Driven Responses

16. Surface-Ocean Sensitivity Test

17. North Atlantic surface response to ice

18. North Atlantic sea surface temperatures and European vegetation

19. Vegetation response in South America