1. Psyc 552 Ergonomics & Biomechanics Lecture 6

2. Anthropometry  Antro = man, metry = measure  Terminology Height: Breadth: Depth:

3. Distance: Curvature: Circumference: Reach:

4. Workstation Analysis Images from: http://128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197/ws2.htm#Workstation%202

6. Image from: http://128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197/images/ws4.gif Workspace envelope

7. Measurement Methods  Grid reference  Jig measurement  Anthropometers  Rod sets, castings  Photographs – stereo photography  Electromechanical probes  Lasers Image from: http://www.thebakken.org/artifacts/database/artifact.asp?type=category&category=U3&id=3687

8. Measurement tools Images from: http://www.rehaboutlet.com/posture_evaluation_anthropometers.htm

9. Image from: D.J. Feathers et al. / International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 33 (2004) 184 181–190

11. From: http://www.explore.cornell.edu/scene.cfm?scene=The%203D%20Body%20Scanner

12. Image from: http://www.ianwhitney.com/images/pic/quack/P1270011.jpg Image from: http://www.thebakken.org/artifacts/database/artifact.asp?type=category&category=U3&id=3687

13. A 19th-century bodice-measuring device comprising several sections which could be adjusted to fit the figure. The strips could then be laid flat upon the materials to be cut. (Image: U.S. Patent no. 320,496, William Bloomer Pollock, 1885) Image from and text from: http://www.explore.cornell.edu/scene.cfm?scene=The%203D%20Body%20Scanner&stop=3D%20-%20Glossary

14. Other Imaging  Ultrasound imaging  Magnetic Resonance Imaginge  X-rays

15. Sources of Data  For Civilians  For military

16. Characteristics of data  Normally distributed  Can be used to calculate intervals  Correlations  Limited

17. Functional Anthropometry  Reach data  Seat…

18. Factors Affecting Anthropometry  Genetics  Environment  Ethnic…  … Image from: http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers/images/poncedeleon.gif&imgrefurl=http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers/graphics.htm&h=538 &w=499&sz=12&tbnid=6X9096fQL5oJ:&tbnh=129&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dponce%2Bde%2Bleon%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D&oi=imagesr&start=1

19. Anthropometry & Biomechanics  In biomechanics the human body is considered to be a system of links with each link of known physical size and form.  Links are defined as…

20. Locating Centers of rotation  Method involves…  Bony landmarks are highly correlated with link lengths

21. Body Segment Volume and Weight  Body segment mass and volume are related by the density of the segment. D = M/V = (W/g)/V

22. Body Segment Center of Mass  Center of mass is that point where if the segment is suspended that the gravitational effect is equal. It is the location where the gravitational effect can be considered to act.  Location methods…

23. Inertia Properties  Rotational inertia  Radius of gyration

24. Measuring Joint Motion  Difficulties and descriptive requirements

25. Tools  Goniometers  Flexometer/ Inclinometer  Photo or video methods Image from: http://www.rehaboutlet.com/goniometers.htm

26. Image from: http://www.spaceagecontrol.com/s050v.htm