1. Section A Style Questions
36 marks
61 minutes
5 questions – all source based
5 sources A – E
YOU MUST ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

2. (a) What do Sources A and B suggest about Appeasement? (4 marks)
Source B – From a speech by Hitler on 30 May 1938
“I shall only decide to take action against Czechoslovakia if I am convinced that France will not march and that Britain will not intervene”.
Source A – David Low’s cartoon on the results of appeasement.
Hitler is using the “Spineless leaders of Democracy” as stepping stones.

3. Mark scheme – 4 marks Fail to address the question – 0 marks Top Tips
Level 1: Select simple details from the sources – 1 mark
Level 2: Makes a simple inference about both sources – 2-3 marks
Level 3: Make a complex inference from both sources – 4 marks
Top Tips
9 minutes
2 paragraphs – NO MORE
Say what you see
Say what this tells you, (what does it suggest)
Use your own knowledge to add detail that helps put it into context
YOU MUST REFER TO BOTH SOURCES and combine them

4. Model Answer
In Source A the cartoon shows Hitler marching up over the “spineless leaders of democracy”, while making faces at them. This suggests that the leaders of Europe were “spineless” and unable to stand up to Hitler as he climbed up getting more and more power. It also implies that Hitler is laughing at the lack of resistance as the leaders continue to appease him. In Source A Hitler is near the bottom of the steps made up of the leaders, suggesting that if the leaders continue with their policy of appeasement Hitler will continue to climb and not stop until he has taken over the “Universe”.
In source B, it tells the reader that Hitler only intended to invade Czechoslovakia if he was sure that Britain and France will not try to stop him. This suggests that Hitler was only aggressive and able to increase his power in Europe because Britain and France were not strong enough to stand up to him, therefore it was their policy of appeasement that allowed Hitler to become more powerful, taking control of Czechoslovakia in 1938.

5. (b) What different impression of Appeasement is suggested by sources C and D? Explain your answer using Sources A, B, C and D. (6 marks)
Source C – A photograph of Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister, returning from the Munich Agreement in 1938.
He announced that he has a piece of paper signed by Hitler promising “peace in our time.”
Source D – From a speech by Chamberlain to Conservative Party Members, 1938
“When I think of those four terrible years [the First World War], and I think of the seven million young men who were killed, the thirteen million who were mutilated, I feel it was my duty to strain every nerve to avoid a repeat of the First World War.

6. Mark Scheme 6 marks Fails to answer the question – 0 marks Top Tips
Level 1: Selects detail from Source C and/or D – 1-2 marks
Level 2: Simple comparison based on what all 4 sources say OR make an inference from the sources 3 – 4 marks
Level 3: Makes inferences about the sources and compares them – 5 – 6 marks
Top Tips
11 minutes
2 chunky paragraphs – 3 if you really must
Say what Source C and D
Say what this tells you and compare it to what A and B tell you
Summarise the key differences between the sources by referring to them in their pairs

7. Model Answer
Sources C and D give a very different impression of Appeasement, suggesting that it prevented war and created “peace in our time”. Source C is a photo of Neville Chamberlain holding up a piece of paper signed by Hitler promising that they would not go to war, having returned from the Munich Conference in Chamberlain is proudly holding up the letter as he announces it to the media, implying the pride he has in his achievement and that he firmly believes that appeasement has brought peace. Similarly in Source D Chamberlain says to his party that he has prevented “a repeat of the First World War”, suggesting that Appeasement has worked and maintained peace.
In contrast Sources A and B paint a very different image, making a mockery of the policy and that it is only increasing Hitler’s Power. In Source A it shows the “Spineless Leaders of Democracy” bowing down to Hitler, implying that the leaders were unwilling to stand up to him and that he will not stop until he has total control. Source B equally implies that the lack of intervention by the British, French and other leaders, is the only reason that Hitler was prepared to invade and take over other countries, suggesting that it was appeasement which was enabling Hitler to expand and become more powerful. Therefore Sources A and B suggest that Appeasement is only making matters worse and Hitler stronger, while Sources C and D imply a more naive view of appeasement, suggesting that it had achieved peace in 1938 and prevented another world war.

8. (c) Why do you think Sources A and B give a different impression to Sources C and D? Explain your answer using Sources A, B, C and D and your own knowledge. (8 marks)

9. (c) Why do you think Sources A and B give a different impression to Sources C and D? Explain your answer using Sources A, B, C and D and your own knowledge. (8 marks)
Source A and B give different impressions to Source C and D of the policy of Appeasement because of many reasons. Firstly, the time when they were produced is important. Although all four sources were produced in 1938, they show the divide in opinion of the time, as they did not have the value of hindsight and could only predict the future. Source A and B show the negative view of appeasement and the potential consequences. In contrast Chamberlain in Sources C and D puts a more positive spin on his policy, as he is the public face of the idea, implying that it is a form of propaganda trying to convince the people to support him.
Another reason why the sources are different is because of their purpose. Source C is an image which was widely published in the news and recorded by national media. Like Source D it was a public opportunity for the Prime Minster to reassure the British people and his party that he had achieved peace and avoided war, which was a common concern in 1938, as well as boost his own support. Britain was not ready for war and it would have been very unpopular and potentially lost him votes in the next election.
The authors are also different looking at the policy from different view points, which is linked to purpose as they therefore have different purposes for their sources. Source A is by the cartoonist David Low, whose aim is to get published in a newspaper. A comic and critical take tends to be more popular amongst newspaper editors, who want to create discussion and ultimately sell papers. Source B is by Hitler, who may have had his own agenda, keen to make Britain and France look weak. Whereas Source C and D are both by Chamberlain who is keen to show the success of his policy and reassure the nation that he has achieved peace, which was popular at this time.

10. Mark Scheme (8 marks) Fails to answer the question – 0 marks
Level 1: Answer says how the sources are different – 1 – 2 marks
Level 2: Simple reasons why the sources have different views – 3 – 4 marks
Level 3: Developed reasons why the sources have different views 5 – 6 marks
Level 4: As level 3 but links the reasons between sources – 7 – 8 marks
Top Tips
13 minutes
3 chunky paragraphs
How did the author get their knowledge?
Who is the Author and how are they personally involved?
What Date was it written and what was happening in the bigger picture at the time?
Where in the American West is the source writing about?
Who is the Audience? Has this affected what the author might say?

11. (d) How useful is Source E for understanding the reaction of Germany to the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer using Source E and your knowledge. (8 marks)
Source E – A British cartoon published in 1919.
The figure squeezed by the hand represents Germany

12. Mark Scheme (8 marks)
Fails to address the question – 0 marks
Level 1: Simple, basic statement about if the source is useful or not – 1 – 2 marks
Level 2: Explains if the source is useful/not useful based on EITHER provenance OR content – 3 – 4 marks
Level 3: Explains the value of the source because of its content and provenance – 5 – 6 marks
Level 4: As level 3 but uses own knowledge give reasons for why the sources is useful or not useful – 7 – 8 marks
Top Tips
13 minutes
3 chunky paragraphs
The source will always be useful in some ways but not useful in others
What does the source tell you?
What doesn’t it tell you? (from your own knowledge)
What does the provenance tell you? Can you trust it? Is it accurate?

13. Model Answer
Source E is useful as it highlights Germany’s position over the Treaty of Versailles, showing how they are being squeezed by the large hand, with each finger representing the different countries involved in the creation of the treaty. The terms are being force fed to Germany by the four main leaders, Lloyd George, Wilson, Clemenceau and the Italian Leader stood at the back, who played only a small part in the implementation of the terms. The content of Source E is however not useful because it does not show what the terms were or Germany’s reaction beyond the initial force feeding of the terms.
The provenance suggests that the Source is useful because it was created in 1919, when the Treaty was signed. It was published in a British Newspaper, showing a popular or widely known British view of the Treaty and Germany’s reaction. However it is a cartoon and therefore is less serious and potentially not as useful as an official document or public. Similarly it is by a British Cartoonist, rather than from someone inside Germany experiencing the treaty, so is not that useful in explaining Germany’s reaction to the terms.

14. How important was the role of Hitler in causing World War Two?

15. Mark Scheme (10 marks) Fails to address the question – 0 marks
Level 1: General, simple statements – marks
Level 2: Talks briefly about 3 factors OR about 1 factor in depth – 3 – 5 marks
Level 3: Recognises and explains 3 factors in specific detail – 6 – 8 marks
Level 4: As level 3 but with a conclusion saying which factor was more important and why compared to other factors OR shows links between the factors – 9 – 10 marks
Top Tips
15 minutes
4 killer points in chunky paragraphs and a conclusion
Factor Other Factors
Conclusion