1. Assuring Cost Recovery and Customer Affordability
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE UTILITY CONSUMER ADVOCATES
NOVEMBER 10, 2015
Claudia J. Earls, Chief Counsel, Northern Indiana Public Service Company
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

2. Customer Affordability
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

3. Regulatory Compact & Public Interest
Utility Benefits
Cost of service pricing
Regulated return
Timely cost recovery
Customer Benefits
Safe & Reliable Service
Just & Reasonable Rates
Adequate Resources deployed
Transparent process with Adequate oversight
Regulatory Compact & Public Interest
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

4. Transparency in Electric Rates
In general, residential customers see a customer charge and an energy charge.
They don’t understand that the energy charge recovers both fixed and variable costs.
They believe that if their consumption decreases, their utility’s costs should also decrease in a linear fashion.
That assumption is false but is caused by the method by which electric rates are established.
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

5. Example of Typical Bill
The following chart illustrates a breakdown of a typical NIPSCO residential customer
Unit
Rate
Charge
% of Bill
Customer Charge 1
$11.00
12.1
Energy
688 kwh $
$23.09
25.3
Gross Margin
688 Kwh $
$47.55
52.1
Incremental Environmental Charge $
$3.91
4.3
Misc. Charges $
$5.63
6.2
$91.18
100.0
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

6. fixed Costs vs. variable Costs
Breakdown of Fixed and Variable Costs
fixed Costs vs. variable Costs
Fixed Cost Recovery
Customer Charge
$11.00
Gross Margins
$47.55
Incremental Environmental Charge
$3.91
Misc. Charges
$5.63
$68.09
Fixed Costs 75%
Variable
Energy
$23.09
$23.90
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

7. Residential Customer Usage Distribution
Residential Customers Average Monthly Usage 679 kWh
≤ 679 kWh = 178,913 customers (54%)
≥ 680 kWh = 152,151 customers (46%)
Low Income Customers Average Monthly Usage 726 kWh
≤ 726 kWh = 9,202 customers
≤ 679 kWh = 8,505 customers (56%)
≥ 680 kWh = 6,706 customers (44%)
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

8. TRACKERS DO NOT CAUSE COST INCREASES
INCREASING COSTS CAUSE RATE INCREASES
Examples of Costs That Have Increased
Labor Costs - Predominantly Union work force - contracts contain escalation clause
Pension costs - still offer defined benefits pension plans - as interest rates remain low and return on equities remain volatile - pensions must still be funded
Environmental compliance - NIPSCO has invested $800 million in environmental scrubber projects - rates must provide a return of and on these investments and O&M expenses to operate and fuel for the parasitic load
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

9. Customer Affordability
As we look at the breakdown of costs – what would we have the utility not perform:
Procure fuel
Maintain generation, transmission and distribution assets
Ensure environmental compliance
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

10. Pros and Cons of Frequent Rate Cases
Frequent rate cases allow for the re-setting of Return on equity and cost of service allocation.
Allow for review of all of utility’s expenses and sources of revenues
Cons
Costly and time consuming
Utility’s customers pay the cost incurred by the utility for preparation and litigation of a rate case as well as any representative that they chose to retain to protect their interests
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

11. One Alternative: Formulaic Rates
FERC has used Formulaic Rates for Decades
A few states have begun to experiment
You have annual updates to rate base, expenses and volumes – recognizing any cost savings from any reduction in volumes.
Projected expenses are reconciled in a subsequent period
Issues such as ROE and cost allocation are reserved for rate cases
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

12. Questions? Animated picture list with color text tabs (Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).

13. NIPSCO Chief Counsel EMPLOYMENT
Claudia Earls joined NiSource in June of 2010 as Assistant General Counsel in its Indianapolis office. She currently serves as Chief Counsel for Northern Indiana Public Service Company. She manages complex, high risk matters, working with clients to develop strategies to effectuate business plan goals and to reduce potential areas of risk.
Prior to working for NiSource she was a member of the Energy, Telecommunications and Utilities Department for Barnes & Thornburg LLP, Indianapolis, where her concentration was on the energy industry.
Claudia is a former administrative law judge with the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission (“IURC”). She presided over cases involving ratemaking, financing, mergers and acquisitions, the Telecommunications Act of 1996, fuel and gas cost adjustments, inter-connection agreements, and the appointment of receivers for troubled utilities. She is the former chair of the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commission’s Administrative Law Judge Section. She also is the former editor of Indiana Utility Reports, a weekly newsletter, which reports on the orders issued by the IURC.
PRESENTATIONS AND PROGRAMS
Rate Case 101 – Utility Law Section, Indiana State Bar Association, 2010
Pipeline Safety and Underground Facilities, National Conference of Regulatory Attorneys, 2012
Graduate Harvard Executive Program on Negotiation, 2012
Recovery of Investments in Infrastructure, Southern Gas Association, 2014
EDUCATION
J.D., Indiana University of Law
M.B.A. and B.A. in Economics, Indiana University
MEMBERSHIPS/LICENSES
Former President, Utility Law Section of the Indiana State Bar Association
Based in Indianapolis
Animated picture list with color text tabs
(Intermediate)
To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this page, do the following:
On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.
On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt.
In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, double-click Horizontal Picture List (fifth row, second option from the left) to insert the graphic into the slide.
Press and hold CTRL, and select the picture placeholder and text shape (top and bottom shape) in one of the objects. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the Create Graphic group, click Add Shape, and then click Add Shape After. Repeat this process one more time for a total of five picture placeholders and text shapes.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:
In the Height box, enter 4.44”.
In the Width box, enter 9.25”.
Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:
Click Align to Slide.
Click Align Middle.
Click Align Center.
Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text.
Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArt Styles group, do the following:
Press and hold CTRL, and then select all five text boxes in the graphic. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Corbel from the Font list, and then enter 22 in the Font Size box.
Click Change Colors, and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 2 to 3 (second option from the left).
Click More, and then under Best Match for Document click Moderate Effect (fourth option from the left).
Select the rounded rectangle at the top of the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left).
Click each of the five picture placeholders in the SmartArt graphic, select a picture, and then click Insert.
To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:
On the slide, select the graphic. On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and under Entrance, click Float In.
On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animations group, click Animation Pane.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Sequence, click One by One.
In the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
In the Animation Pane, click the double-arrow below the animation effect to expand the list of effects, then do the following to modify the list of effects:
Select the first animation effect, and then do the following:
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Moderate, click Basic Zoom.
Click Effect Options, and under Zoom, click Out Slightly.
In the Timing group, in the Start list, select With Previous.
Press and hold CTRL, select the third, fifth, seventh, ninth, and 11th animation effects (effects for the text shapes), and then do the following:
Also in the Timing group, in the Duration list, click
On the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click the More arrow at the Effects Gallery and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Change Entrance Effects dialog box, under Basic, click Peek In, and then click OK.
In the Animation group, click Effect Options, and under Direction, click From Top.
Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and 10th animation effects (effects for the pictures). In the Timing group, in the Start list, select After Previous.
To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:
Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:
In the Type list, select Linear.
Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).
Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear on the slider, then customize the gradient stops as follows:
Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 0%.
Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 130, Green: 126, and Blue: 102.
Select the last stop on the slider, and then do the following:
In the Position box, enter 71%.
Click the button next to Color, and then click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).