1. Unit Two Constitution
Benchmark - C.1.8 Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and inclusion of a bill of rights.

2. Terms to add to your vocab rings
Ratify – formally approving something (The rat says yea!)
Bill of Rights - the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, establishing rights and protections for American citizens
Federalism - a system of government that divides power between a central government and smaller units of government, such as state or local governments
Federalists - a group of people in the early United States who wanted a strong national government
Anti-Federalists - a group of people in the early United States who opposed a strong national government because they wanted protection for individual rights
Federalist Papers - a series of essays written to explain and defend the proposed U.S. Constitution
Anti-Federalist Papers - a series of essays written to counter and defeat the proposed U.S. Constitution

3. Learning Targets I can define ratification
I can explain who the Anti-Federalists were.
I can explain what the Anti-Federalists papers were.
I can explain the viewpoints of the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
I can explain who the Federalists were.
I can explain what the Federalists papers were.
I can explain the viewpoints of the Federalists regarding the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
I can explain the Anti-Federalists’ reasons for wanting to include of a bill of rights in the U.S. Constitution.

4. Materials Needed- Update Table of Contents with the following:
Page 6 Federalist and Anti-Federalist Reading Worksheet
Page 7 Positions of Federalist and Anti-Federalist Worksheet with Venn Diagram
Page 8 Classifying Quotes
Pass out Reading page and have students highlight unfamiliar words. Read together as a class.

5. Why a Bill of Rights? What Impact Does It Have?
Skim the reading page first and highlight any unfamiliar words.
Clarify the meaning of the unfamiliar words
Now read the worksheet closely keeping the positions of the Federalist and Anti-Federalist in mind underlining points they both agree on.

6. What do They Want? Federalist - a strong central government
Anti-Federalist – a weak central government
Both – a central government and protection for individual rights

7. Partner Work - Understanding Positions of Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Complete the Understanding Positions of Federalists and Anti-Federalist Worksheet with Venn Diagram on the back

8. Who Would Say That? Federalist Anti-Federalist Yay for Strong
For each of the following slides, you will answer with Federalist or Anti Federalist
Federalist
Yay for Strong
Central Government!
Anti-Federalist
Down with Strong
Central Government!

9. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution gives the federal government enough power to overpower the states.
Federalists
Anti-Federalists

10. Who Would Say That?
It will not be possible for the federal government to overpower the states, because the states are a necessary part of the federal government.
Federalists
Anti-Federalists

11. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution contains no Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties like freedom of speech, trial by jury, and the right against searches and seizures.
Federalists
Anti-Federalists

12. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution says federal laws are “the supreme law of the land,” so the federal government could just take complete control. Federalists Anti-Federalists

13. Who Would Say That?
Nothing in the Constitution says the federal government has power to limit peoples’ freedoms in the first place. Federalists Anti-Federalists

14. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution gives the federal government just a few powers that are very well defined. Federalists Anti-Federalists

15. Who Would Say That?
The President created by the Constitution is really just a king. Federalists Anti-Federalists

16. Who Would Say That?
A strong President is necessary to protect the country against foreign attack and make sure laws are carried out properly. Federalists Anti-Federalists

17. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution creates a Supreme Court that is too powerful because the judges don’t answer to anyone. Federalists Anti-Federalists

18. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution already contains a few rights, so we may as well add a whole Bill of Rights. Federalists Anti-Federalists

19. Who Would Say That?
The Supreme Court is the weakest branch of government because it doesn’t control the military and can’t pass laws. Federalists Anti-Federalists

20. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution forbids creating titles of nobility like “Duke” or “King,” so the government will always belong to the people. Federalists Anti-Federalists

21. Who Would Say That?
The United States is too large to have a central government. People won’t know their leaders and will lose control over the government. Federalists Anti-Federalists

22. Who Would Say That?
The Constitution is a Bill of Rights because it guarantees citizens a role in government Federalists Anti-Federalists

23. Classifying Quotes Now try it by yourself or with your partner.
On your Classifying Quotes worksheet read each quote and circle either F for Federalist or AF for Anti-Federalist
Once complete, we will review together for accuracy

24. Who Would Say That?
“I do not conceive we can exist long as a nation without having…a power which will pervade (be present and spread through) the whole Union….” Federalists Anti-Federalists

25. Who Would Say That?
“The State Declarations of Rights are not repealed (revoked or canceled) by this Constitution; and being in force are sufficient.” Federalists Anti-Federalists

26. Who Would Say That?
“The laws of the general government being paramount (more important than anything else) to the laws and constitutions of the several states, the Declaration of Rights in the separate states are no security.” Federalists Anti-Federalists

27. Who Would Say That?
“The vigor (strength) of government is essential to the security of liberty.” Federalists Anti-Federalists

28. Who Would Say That?
“…State Legislatures have no security for the powers now presumed to remain to them, or the People for their Rights.” Federalists Anti-Federalists

29. Who Would Say That?
“There is no Declaration of any kind for preserving the Liberty of the Press, the Trial by Jury in civil Causes; nor against the Danger of standing Armies in time of Peace…” Federalists Anti-Federalists

30. Who Would Say That?
“Repeated violations of these parchment barriers (weak obstacles) have been committed by overbearing majorities (dominant group) in every State.” Federalists Anti-Federalists
(This quote by James Madison basically means that a Bill of Rights is unnecessary because they would be ineffective because governments have typically violated them anyway )

31. Who Would Say That?
“A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth, general or particular, and what no just government should refuse or rest on inference.” Federalists Anti-Federalists

32. C.1.8 Writing Prompt
Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti- Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and the inclusion of a bill of rights.
Use your reading worksheet to ACE the answer.
A – Answer the question
C – Cite evidence
E – Explain your answer