1. Principles of Management Leadership Communication www.mbainfoline.com

2. Leadership “It is a process of influence on a group.” It is an important part of a manager’s job. Effective leadership is necessary for inspiring the people to work for the accomplishment of given objectives.

3. Leader “A leader is one who guides and directs other people. He gives the efforts of his followers a direction and purpose by influencing their behaviour.”

4. Characteristics of Leadership Leadership is a process of influence Leadership is related to a situation Leadership is the function of stimulation

5. Leadership Styles Autocratic leadership Democratic or participative leadership Free Rein or Laissez Faire leadership Paternalistic leadership

6. Leadership Theories Likert’s Management Systems Trait Theory of Leadership Behavioural Theory of Leadership Michigan studies Ohio state leadership studies Managerial grid Situational theory of leadership

7. Communication “It is the process of passing information and understanding from one person to another.”

8. Characteristics of Communication Two – way process May be formal or informal Compulsory for business organisations

9. Elements of Communication / Communication Process Sender/Communicator Transmission Message Response

10. Importance of Communication Smooth running of the enterprise Quick decisions Planning and co-ordination Morale building and democratic management

11. Techniques of Communication Verbal or oral communication Written communication Formal and informal communication Downward, upward and horizontal communication

12. Barriers in Communication Ineffective expression Inaccurate translation Inattention Loss of transmission Vague and unclarified assumptions Distrust Fear Noise and distance